Unit4StructuralDesign解析.pptVIP

 Specialized English for Civil Engineering;Unit 4 Structural Design 第四章 结构设计;Main contents;Text A　Philosophy of Structure Design Let’s see some drawings of structural design.;;;;;Translate Text A into Chinese.;A structure engineering project can be divided into three phases: planning, design, and construction. 结构工程项目可分为三个阶段：规划、设计和施工。;Structural design involves determining the most suitable proportions of a structure and dimensioning the structural elements and details of which it is composed. This is the most highly technical and mathematical phase of a structural engineering project, but it cannot and certainly should not-be conducted without being fully coordinated with the planning and construction phases of the project. 结构设计内容包括确定结构最优的比例尺寸，并确定结构构件和细部构造的尺寸。这是整个结构工程项目中技术性最高，数学严谨性最强的阶段，但若不能同项目的规划和施工阶段充分协调配合，就不能也不应该进行结构设计。 ;The successful designer is at all times fully conscious of the various considerations that were involved in the preliminary planning for the structure and, likewise, of the various problems that may later be encountered in its construction. 成功的设计师总是会全面考虑结构在初步规划中所涉及到的各种事项，以及在以后的施工中会碰到的各种问题。;Specially, the structural design of any structure first involves the establishment of the loading, and other design conditions that must be resisted by the structure and therefore must be considered in its design. Then comes the analysis (or computation) of the internal gross forces (thrust, shears, bending moments, and twisting moments), stress intensities, strains, deflections, and reactions produced by the loads, temperature, shrinkage, creep, or other design conditions. 在结构设计中应首先确定结构所必须承受因而也必须考虑的荷载和其它设计状况。然后需要分析(或计算) 总内力(轴力,剪力,弯矩,和扭矩)，应力强度、应变、挠度和反力等，它们是由荷载、温度变化、干缩、徐变或其它设计状况所引起的。 ;Finally comes the proportioning and selection of materials of the members and connections so as to resist adequately the effects produced by the design conditions. The criteria used to judge whether particular proportions will result in the desired behavior reflect accumulate