三疣梭子蟹Portunustrituberculatus在氨氮胁迫下解毒代谢机制研究.pdf

量在 12h 内呈峰值变化，在 6h 达到最大值，12h 后保持稳定，并明显高于对照 组水平。 各染毒组肝胰脏 XDH和 ARG mRNA表达均在 48h内呈峰值变化，分 别于 12h、6h 达到最大值，然后恢复至对照组水平或明显高于对照组水平，而 ARG活力与 UR含量分别在 6h、2h内显著升高，然后保持稳定。各染毒组肌肉 XDH mRNA表达和 ARG活力、mRNA表达和 UR含量分别在 48h或 24h内呈 峰值变化，于 12h或 6h达到最大值，其中 XDH、ARG mRNA表达、UR含量在 48h 时恢复或高于对照组水平，ARG 活力 12h 后保持稳定，且与染毒浓度呈正 相关。各染毒处理组血淋巴 UA含量、ARG活力、UR含量在 24h内呈峰值变化， 均于 6h达到最大值，之后 ARG活力恢复至对照组水平，而 UA、UR含量趋于 稳定，且明显高于对照组水平，与染毒浓度呈正相关性。 由此可见，三疣梭子蟹在氨氮胁迫下尿酸、尿素形成代谢（排出代谢）指标 表现出明显的时间效应性，短时间内出现应激反应，而且排出代谢酶基因表达与 酶活力的变化具有明显的一致性，然后除鳃 XDH mRNA表达外，均恢复或或明 显高于对照组水平，仅肌肉 ARG活力和血淋巴 UA、UR含量呈现出明显的剂量 效应，同时 XDH mRNA表达水平大小为肝胰脏肌肉鳃丝，ARG活力为鳃肌 肉血淋巴肝胰脏，UR含量为肝胰脏鳃血淋巴肌肉（微量）。这说明三疣梭 子蟹在氨氮胁迫下机体可能存在嘌呤合成尿酸途径，可合成少量的尿酸，而鳃丝 中受到显著抑制；同时机体鸟氨酸-尿素循环途径在实验时间内未受到抑制，主 要在鳃、肝胰脏中合成尿素，可通过排泄器官和鳃将尿素、尿酸排出体外，血淋 巴 UA、UR含量可作为三疣梭子蟹在氨氮胁迫下排出代谢水平的评价指标。 关键词：氨氮；三疣梭子蟹；转运途径；代谢途径 万方数据 Study on detoxification metabolic mechanism of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus exposed to ammonia Abstract Ammonia is a major threat factor in aquaculture ambient water in pond. In this study, some key detoxification-related genes were cloned and characterized from the gills and hepatopancreas of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. The effects of ammonia on ammonia transportation indicators, key detoxification-related gene expression and ammonia metabolic parameters were determined to detect the ammonia detoxification metabolism mechanism in the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. The study mainly includes three bodies as follows: (1) Cloning characterization and expression analysis of key detoxification-related genes in swimming crab P. trituberculatus, including Rh protein and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH); (2) Effects of ammonia on ammonia transportation pathway in swimming crab P. trituberculatus; (3) Effects of ammonia on ammonia metabolic pathway in swimming crab P. trituberculatus. The results are as follows: 1 Cloning, characterization and expression analysis of detoxification-related genes in swimming crab P. trituberculatus The partial