10波谱2IR3.pptVIP

Chapter 2 例3. 某未知物分子式为C6H12，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例4. 某未知物分子式为C6H12，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例5. 某未知物分子式为C6H12，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例6.未知物A和B为同分异构体，分子式均为C5H10，试根据FTIR确定出他们的结构。 例7. 某未知物分子式为C8H8O，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例8. 某未知物分子式为C8H8O，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例9. 某未知物分子式为C9H10O，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例10. 某未知物分子式为C7H6O3，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例11. 某未知物分子式为C4H6O2，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例12. 某未知物分子式为C8H8O2，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例13. 某未知物分子式为C7H9NO，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例14. 某未知物分子式为C9H10O，试根据FTIR确定出结构。 例15.试解释为什么在FTIR中,A的吸收波数小于B. 例 16. 试解释为什么如下化合物在FTIR中产生1748,1715, 及1656三个吸收峰. 解释: 2.7 Fourier Transform instrument Why Use FT-IR ? Non-destructive for thermally stable components and materials Precise measurement with no external calibrations Fast Analyzes solids, liquids, and gases Organic and inorganic molecules and materials Confirmatory technique The Infrared Spectrometer FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer) Greater speed Greater sensitivity Better signal to noise ratio How to prepare liquid samples? Making a sandwich Volatile compound and Solution(10%) How to prepare Solid samples? KBr pellet (Powder samples) Diluents: KBr, about of 0.1-2% grind to fine powder until somewhat “pasty” and sticks to the agate mortar Assemble the die-set, the Qwik Handi-Press, press the powder for 2 minutes to form a pellet. thin and transparent Disadvantage: KBr absorb water. KBr pellet KBr pellet Thin plate samples: Film Nujol mull method: Grind the compound with mineral oil (Nujol) to create a suspension of the finely ground sample dispersed in the mineral oil. Disadvantage: Nujol bands appear at 2924, 1462, and 1377 cm-1. Gas What is ATR? Attenuated total reflection the flat crystal for solid samples the trough crystal for liquid samples The crystal with a high refractive index the surface of materials. either too thick or too strong absorbing to be analyzed by transmission spectroscopy. no sample preparation What is HATR? Horizontal attenuated total reflection the flat crystal for solid samples the trough crystal for liquid samples The cry