翻译课件6.ppt

汉英谓语对比 动态语势vs. 静态语势 复习 In the late summer of that year we lived in a house in a village that looked across the river and the plain to the mountains. 请用流水句翻译 参考答案 在那一年的暮夏，我们住在一个小村庄里。村子旁边是一条河，河对面是一片平原，远处山峦起伏。 复习定语从句的翻译 随着中国改革开发的深入发展，这个一度十分重要的机构现在对国家治理的影响越来越显得无足轻重了。 改革开发：opening-up and reform drive 机构：institution 一度十分重要的，Once important, 定语从句：which was once of much consequence 参考答案 With the furtherance of China’s national opening up and reform drive, this once important institution is becoming more and more marginal to the way the country is run. ….this institution, which was once of much consequence, is playing a less and less important role in running the country. 英语谓语：静态语势 英语的名词、动名词、介词、形容词、副词、不定式、过去分词和现在分词、从句等表达能力很强，由谓语动词统领造成了英语的静态语势。 汉语谓语 汉语主语可以由任何语言单位来担任，但是谓语，却主要依靠动词词组和短句来组织，从而造成汉语的动态语势。 动态语势（一）认识连动句 1. 他已经请了假坐火车回四川老家探亲。 2.请脱鞋进屋。 3. 等完成了任务再见。 4. 他一到上海就去看他的父母。 5. 大雪纷飞，乡亲们都在家里烤火取暖。 6. 他天天写信会客。 7. 钱不多，你能省多少就省多少吧。 8.他走累了就坐在椅子上歇了一会。 连动句定义和特征 定义：同一主语下几个动词连用成谓语。 连用的动词之间，有并列关系，条件、方式、因果、假设、目的等。 如何翻译呢？ 确定了主语后， 第一步：确立英语句子的谓语动词 第二步：分析和其他动词的关系，将其他动词换成：不定式，介词，从句，或者如果确实是并列的谓语动词，则翻译成用and连接的动词。 学会使用不定式和介词，以及套用英语句型 例子1 他已经请了假坐火车回四川老家探亲。 1 2 3 4 ___________做谓语动词？ 请假：ask for a leave 坐火车：by train, 回四川老家：go home in Sichuan 探亲：see his parents 参考答案 He has asked for a leave to go home by train to see his parents in Sichuan. 例子2 请脱鞋进屋。 脱鞋：take off your shoes 进屋：enter the house 参考答案 Please take off your shoes before entering the house 例子3 等完成了任务再见。 See you Complete the task 参考答案 See you after the task is completed. 例子4 他一到上海就去看他的父母。 Arrive in Shanghai See his parents 一…就: as soon as 参考答案 He went to see his parents as soon as he arrived in Shanghai. 例子5 乡亲们都在家里烤火取暖。 At home, Keep themselves warm 烤火？ 参考答案 All the villagers stayed at home, keeping themselves warm by fire. 例子6 他天天写信会客。 Write letters receive visitors 参考答案 He writes letters and receives visitors everyday. 例子7 钱不多，你能省多少就省多少吧。 重点信息是： 逻辑关系是： 能…就 get as much as