医学英语课件Abstract writing 2 for students.ppt

Abstract writing 2 Contents Objective 摘要中的目的（Objective/aim）部分应用短短一两句话来概括工作的前提、目的和任务，以及所涉及的主题范围，因此其表达必须具有高度的简明性、完整性、科学性、检索性和准确性。 绝大多数结构式英文摘要采用不定式，极少使用完整句子。资料性摘要和报道性摘要需要从语篇上保持语篇照应，较多使用句子。 另外，不同期刊的文体风格也不尽相同，采用短语式还是完整句式，要仔细研读拟头期刊要求。 1.目的完整句常用表达 The purpose of the study/ review/ this paper/ investigation is/ was to… Our aim is to …/ We aimed to… This study aims/ aimed to … The present study is an attempt to… In this study, we attempt to… The objectives / goals of this study are/ were to… This report is / was intended to… In this study, we intended to… The study was undertaken to … The author undertook a retrospective study to… This paper was designed/ conducted to…. 目的完整句中的动词形式 说明本文亟待解决的问题时，动词一般用一般现在时。（主语是paper/report/ article/ thesis等） The purpose of this report is to describe the clinical presentation of 40 such patients with rupture of the spleen. This paper is aimed to investigate this hypothesis on 38 patients. 交代本研究目的，即研究过程中所做的目的，用一般过去式。(主语是study/ experiment等) The purpose of this study was to investigate the complications of the renal transplant. This experiment was done to explore the effect of imipramine（米帕明,丙咪嗪） hydrochloride on blood pressure. Examples The purpose of this study was to examine the association between acute plaque rupture and exertion-related sudden coronary death in a series of carefully studied autopsy hearts. 本研究的目的是通过详细的心脏解剖检查，研究急性斑块破裂与用力导致的冠状动脉猝死之间的关系。 Our aim was to assess the risk of premature vascular disease in women who had had a pregnancy affected by maternal placental syndromes. 本研究的目的是测定怀孕时曾受到产妇胎盘综合症影响的女性这一人群中早期血管疾病的风险。 2.目的不定式常用表达 2.目的不定式常用表达 2.目的不定式常用表达 2.目的不定式常用表达 2.目的不定式常用表达 Example 研究 To study/develop/obtain…+effect/ relationship/ method/ information… To study the occurrence of acute renal failure (ARF) and the factors associated with it in cases of neonatal sepsis. 研究新生儿脓毒症病例中急性肾衰的发生及其相关因素。 Example 阐明 To reveal/ clarify/ elucidate… To clarify the role of age-associated dysfunction of … 为了阐明与年龄相关的功