2017年高考英语 阅读理解总动员 3 词义猜测题与观点态度题课件.pptVIP

6. 综合运用多种方法 除上述方法外, 还可以根据并列关系、 同类关系、 比喻关系、 定义关系、 所举实例、 构词法和生活常识等多种方法推测生词的意义，有时需要综合运用多种方法，才可推测其意义。 [例6] The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater. The underlined word “fixture” probably refers to something __________. A. that people enjoy eating B. that is always present C. that is difficult to get D. that people use as a gift 解析：B 这种新品种菠萝很畅销, 当然成为了健康饮食人士购物筐中的“常客”。另外根据构词法知识可知, 该词的词根是fix, 含有“固定”之意。故选B。 3.词义猜测题 （4） 代词除了替代前面(大多)或后面(有时)的人、物或事之外，在语义上起着衔接作用。因此，代词的使用，既避免了表达上的重复，又使上下文衔接得更加紧密。 高考阅读理解题中，常要求考生根据语境判断代词(this，that，it，they，them，one等)或代动词(do， does，did，do that等)究竟指代什么。题干中通常含有refer to。 一般说来，代词的指代内容大多在这一句的前、后句中(有时)，但也可能在前几个句子中，甚至指代前一段话中的某个内容。找到指代的内容后把它放在那个代词的位置上，看一看这句话是否合理，前后的语义是否连贯，然后再判定它是否为正确答案。 1、替代内容在上句 [例1]Twain’s racial tone was not perfect. One is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography (自传) about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black-face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality. His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not. What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A. The attacks B. Slavery and prejudice C. White men D. The shows 解析：D。结合前句理解，可知they替代the shows，代入they，全句意为“他对奴隶制和偏见的不断攻击表明深知这些表演并不代表现实”，上下连贯，故选D。 2. 替代内容在上上句 [例2] Two 12-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search a football. Once they’d rowed beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control. What does “it” refer to? A. The beach. B. The water. C. The boat. D. The wind. 解析：D。句中it应是替代上上句中的the wind，将其替代it，看看句意是否连贯，“他们划到了静水之外，绑在船上的沙滩伞