10+Chapter+Five+Change+of+Meaning.pptVIP

Lets cross our fingers and hope for the best!” Keep your fingers crossed that I get the job. 替我祝福让我得到这个工作吧。 cross one’s fingers ---交叉手指( 希望带来好运) cry wolf--- to give a false alarm 喊“狼来了”, 发假警报 Is she really sick or is she just crying wolf? That kid on the other team just fell down; it looks like he might be hurt! Answer: Hes not hurt; hes just crying wolf.“ If you cry wolf too often, people will stop believing that you need help.  burning the midnight oil ---to work, study late into the night 开夜车 Our son has been working hard preparing for his final exams! Answer: Yes, hes been up each night burning the midnight oil.I have to burn the midnight oil on weekdays.  Chapter Five Change of Meaning 词义的变化 I. Polysemy (一词多义) As a word is a purely arbitrary and conventional symbol without any intrinsic connection with what it refers to, it may sometimes happen that more than one meaning is attached to a word. This is known as polysemy. Polysemy is a term used to refer to the same word which may have two or more different meanings. The word is called “polysemic”. (P322) Look at the different meanings of “check” in the following sentences: (1) They were unable to check their anger. (2) Have you checked all your baggage? (3) Tom moved his bishop and shouted, “Check!” (4) The table has a red white check. (5) He cashed me a check for 1000 dollars. 控制, 托运或寄存（行李）, （象棋中）将军，方格图案，支票 1. Primary meaning(原始意义) derivative meaning(派生意义) Primary meaning refers to the original meaning of a word while derivative meaning refers to the meaning developed or springing from the original meaning. e.g. place: “a wide street or a square in a city” →any kind of locality harvest: “autumn” → “收割”，“收成” hearse (P325) 2. Central meaning(中心意义) Secondary meaning(次要意义) An important process by which words extend their meanings is called radiation(词义辐射). The central meaning appears at the center in the form of a hub(榖) and secondary meaning