胃肠系统.doc

胃肠系统肠道系统基本上是一个长管穿过，身体权的专门章节是消化放在高端材料和提取有用成分的任何能力，驱逐在底部的废品然后。 The whole system is under hormonal control, with the presence of food in the mouth triggering off a cascade of hormonal actions; when there is food in the stomach, different hormones activate acid secretion, increased gut motility, enzyme release etc. etc.整个系统是根据激素控制，食品中引发的激素行动级联口的存在，当有在胃里的食物，胃酸分泌不同的激素激活，增加肠道蠕动，酶的释放等等，等等 Nutrients from the GI tract are not processed on-site; they are taken to the liver to be broken down further, stored, or distributed.从肠道营养不处理现场，他们被带到肝脏被进一步细分，储存，或分发。The GI System The gastro-intestinal system is essentially a long tube running right through the body, with specialised sections that are capable of digesting material put in at the top end and extracting any useful components from it, then expelling the waste products at the bottom end. The whole system is under hormonal control, with the presence of food in the mouth triggering off a cascade of hormonal actions; when there is food in the stomach, different hormones activate acid secretion, increased gut motility, enzyme release etc. etc. Nutrients from the GI tract are not processed on-site; they are taken to the liver to be broken down further, stored, or distributed. 在食道The Oesophagus 一旦食物被咀嚼和唾液混合在口中，它被吞没，并传递了食道。 The oesophagus has a stratified squamous epithelial lining SE which protects the oesophagus from trauma; the submucosa SM secretes mucus from mucous glands MG which aid the passage of food down the oesophagus.食道鳞状上皮有一个分层衬里（东南），其中从保护创伤食管;粘膜下层（SM）的分泌）粘液（粘液腺的镁从援助通过食道的食物了。 The lumen of the oesophagus is surrounded by layers of muscle M - voluntary in the top third, progressing to involuntary in the bottom third- and food is propelled into the stomach by waves of peristalisis.食管腔的周围是肌肉层（男） -第三个自愿性的顶部，进展到非自愿的peristalisis在底部的第三浪是由食物进入胃推动。Once food has been chewed and mixed with saliva in the mouth, it is swallowed and passes down the oesophagus. The oesophagus has a stratified squamous epithelial lining SE whi