Lesson 22 Marine Desalination Plants.ppt

Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology Power Engineering Department Lesson 22 Marine Desalination Plants 第22课 船用海水淡化装置 A considerable amount of fresh water is consumed in a ship. 船上要消耗大量的淡水。 The crew uses on average about 70 liter/person/day and in a passenger ship, consumption can be as high as 225 liter/person/day. 船员平均每天每人需70 L淡水，而在客船上，淡水的消耗可高达225 L/人/天。 Water used in the machinery spaces as make up for cooling system losses may be fresh or distilled （water）but distilled water is essential for steam plant where there is a water tube boiler. 机舱用于为冷却系统损失而补给的淡水可以是新鲜的淡水或蒸馏水，而对于水管锅炉的蒸汽装置来说，蒸馏水是必不可少的。 Steamship consumption for the propulsion plant and hotel services can be as high as 50 tones/day. 蒸汽机船用于（动力）推进装置和客房服务的淡水消耗每天可高达50 t。 It is now common practice to take on only a minimal supply of potable water（饮用水） in port and to make up the rest by distillation（蒸馏） of seawater. 船舶现在普遍的做法是在港口加装极少量的饮用水，通过对海水的蒸馏来补给不足部分。 The saved storage capacity（存储容量） for water, is available for cargo（装货） and increases the earning power（盈利能力） of the ship. 省下的淡水存储容量，可用于装货，从而增加船舶的盈利能力。 A vessel which carries sufficient potable water for normal requirements is required, if ocean-going, to carry distillation plant for emergency use. 如果船舶行驶远洋的话，为正常需求而装载充足饮用水的船舶必需配备蒸馏装置以备应急使用。 The state of the art（技术水平） of distilling plant design has evolved（发展） considerably. 蒸馏装置设计的当前技术水平已经有了很大的发展。 A variety of distilling plant designs has been developed from which the most appropriate system for a given marine power plant can be selected. 蒸馏装置设计的种类很多，对于给定的船用动力装置来说，最合适的系统都可从中选择。 The desalination plant（淡化装置） designs most commonly considered for marine use can be broadly（大致地） classified as those using: 最常见的船用海水淡化装置设计大致分为如下几种： ? Flash evaporators（闪发式蒸发器） ? Spray-film evaporators（喷膜式蒸发器） ? Submerged-tube evaporators（潜管式蒸发器） ? Plate-type evaporators（平板式蒸发器） ? Vapor-compression cycles（蒸汽压缩循环式） ? Membrane processes（膜式） Flash evaporators 闪发式蒸发器 The multistage（多级的） flash evaporator was a revolutionary design develo