(参考)边坡稳定性分析和锚杆防护设计.docVIP

摘 要 钇铝石榴石(Y3Al5O12,YAG)具有良好的光学性能，是一种重要的激光基质材料。与YAG单晶相比，YAG多晶陶瓷有多种优势，它可以制备出满足大功率激光器所需的大尺寸样品并实现高浓度的掺杂，因而是目前研究的热点问题。 不同于常规陶瓷，激光陶瓷对成型和烧结工艺都有着严格的要求。本文在前期成功地制备出Nd:YAG纳米粉体的基础上，着重研究了成型工艺和烧结工艺对透明陶瓷光学透过率的影响。 本文采用的粉体原料是共沉淀法制备的平均粒径为20nm的钇铝石榴石纳米粉体，以0.5wt%的正硅酸乙酯为烧结助剂。采用了常规的液压成型和冷等静压成型工艺，发现冷等静压成型明显地较常规压力成型获得更高的收缩率和致密度。在烧结工艺中，本文首先采用了两步真空烧结工艺制备了YAG透明陶瓷，其步骤为：将成型后的素坯在真空炉内首先加热到一个较高的温度(1700～1800℃)，再快速降温至较低温度(1500～1600℃)，并在此较低温度下保温10h。同时，还考察了常规烧结和微波烧结方法。透光率测试表明，真空烧结法更容易获得透明陶瓷，通过本项目的研究成功地制备出了透光率约为52.2%的透明陶瓷。实验结果更进一步说明了，要想获得透光率更高的透明陶瓷，坯体必须在烧结前期获得较高的收缩率，并且尽可能在高真空或还原性的气氛中烧结。 关键词：钇铝石榴石 两步烧结 YAG 透明陶瓷  ABSTRACT Yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al5O12，YAG) is an important laser material due to its excellent optical properties. Compared with single crystal YAG, polycrystalline YAG ceramic exhibits many advantages. The predominance of polycrystalline YAG ceramic is that it can be doped with very high concentrations, and it can meet the requirement of high power laser so it is the hot topic today. Compared with conventional ceramics, laser transparent ceramics have special demand in molding and sintering process. Based on the successful preparation of nano Nd:YAG powder, the thesis focus on the effect of transparent properties to laser ceramics by different molding and sintering method. The crystal size of Nd:YAG powder was about 20nm, which was made by co-precipitation method, and the 0.5wt% TEOS was used as sintering additive. Compared the conventional molding method, it found that the higher line shrinkage and higher density can be got by the cold isostatic pressure molding method. In the course of sintering process, two-step sintering process at vacuum environment was adopted first. Specific process conditions used in this paper is as follows: the samples were first heated to a higher temperature ranging from 1700℃ to 1800℃，then cooled down to a lower temperature ranging from 1500℃to1600℃, and held at the lower temperature for 10h. Compared with two-step sintering process at vacuum environme