Physics 23 Light--Geometric Optics.pptVIP

Physics 23: Light--Geometric Optics - Christopher Chui Physics 23: Light--Geometric Optics - Christopher Chui Physics 23: Light--Geometric Optics Christopher Chui The Ray Model of Light Light travels in straight lines Geometric optics refers straight-line rays of light at various angles Reflection: When a narrow beam of light strikes a flat surface, the angle of incidence, qi, is the angle an incident ray makes with the normal to the surface. The angle of reflection, qr, is the angle the reflected ray makes with the normal For flat surfaces, the incident and reflected rays lie in the same plane with the normal: qi = qr Formation of a Virtual Image by a Mirror The image appears as far behind the mirror as the object is in front: the image distance, di, equals the object distance, do. The height of the image is the same as that of the object. It is a virtual image, because the image would not appear on a paper or film placed at the location of the image. Formation of Images by Spherical Mirror A spherical mirror is called convex if the reflection takes place on the outer surface of the spherical shape. A mirror is called concave if the reflection surface is on the inner surface of the sphere The point F, where rays parallel to the principal axis come to a focus, is called the focal point of the mirror. The distance between F and the center of the mirror, length FA, is the focal length, f. Focal length of mirror, f = r/2. Finding the Image Position for a Curved Mirror Ray 1 is drawn // to the axis; therefore, it must pass along a line through F after reflection Ray 2 is drawn through F; therefore it must reflect so it is // to the axis Ray 3 is chosen to be perpendicular to the mirror, and is drawn so that it passes through C, the center of curvature. Because it is perpendicular, it will be reflected back on itself Object distance, do, is the distance of the object to the center of the mirror Image distance, di, is the distance of the image to the center of the mirr