语言学BloomfieldandChomsky分析.ppt

 Magnum opus “The syntactic structure” Chomskys structuralism Conversion - generative grammar The inadequacy of structuralism fail to explain some common linguistics facts and phenomena. (simply understands phonemes and morpheme) eg. why children acquire their first language in a few years?  Current Issues in Linguistic Theory(1964) 《当前语言学中的争端》 Aspects of the Theory of Syntax(1965) 《句法理论的若干问题》 Language and Mind(1968)《语言和心灵》 Studies on Semantics in Generative Grammar(1972)《生成语法的语义学研究》 Reflections on Language（1975）《语言论》 Main Books Syntactic Structures(1957) It is a revolution of American traditional descriptive linguistics . grammar limited rules , transformational grammar patterns . 乔姆斯基认为语法是第一性的，语言是第二性的。语法是最基本的，语言的概念是派生的。 grammar 内在性的语言（internalized language 即 I-language） language 外表化语言（externalized language 即E-language） Main features of transformational grammar Rationalism (理性主义) (vs. empiricism经验主义) Empiricist evidence is often unreliable innateness (先天论) ；(vs. behaviorism) deductive methodology （演绎的方法）； emphasis on interpretation (强调解释) ； formalization (形式化)； Symbols, rules, and computations emphasis on linguistic competence (强调语言能力) ； strong generative powers (强大的生成力) ； From deep level (universal) to surface level emphasis on linguistic universals(重视语言的普遍性) ***************************************** * Welcome To The Lingustic World * ***************************************** ▋ \System Starting... \##SUCCESS##\ \User\Guest# Contributions -the father of mordern linguistics Whether Chomskys grammar theory is correct or not, it is undoubtedly the most vital and influential theory of grammar ----BY John Lyons 不论乔姆斯基的语法理论正确与否,它无疑是当前最有生命力最有影响的语法理论。 John Lyons An English linguist, Sassy Fa