Brian L Evans-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Transmitter.pptVIP

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Transmitter Prof. Brian L. Evans Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Introduction Digital Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) Modulates digital information onto amplitude of pulse May be later upconverted (e.g. by sinusoidal amplitude modulation) Digital Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Two-dimensional extension of digital PAM Requires sinusoidal amplitude modulation Digital QAM modulates digital information onto pulses that are modulated onto Amplitudes of a sine and a cosine, or equivalently Amplitude and phase of single sinusoid Amplitude Modulation by Cosine Example: y(t) = f(t) cos(wc t) Assume f(t) is an ideal lowpass signal with bandwidth w1 Assume w1 wc Y(w) is real-valued if F(w) is real-valued Demodulation: modulation then lowpass filtering Similar for modulation with sin(w0 t) shown next Amplitude Modulation by Sine Example: y(t) = f(t) sin(wc t) Assume f(t) is an ideal lowpass signal with bandwidth w1 Assume w1 wc Y(w) is imaginary-valued if F(w) is real-valued Demodulation: modulation then lowpass filtering Digital QAM Modulator Phase Shift by 90 Degrees 90o phase shift performed by Hilbert transformer cosine = sine sine = – cosine Frequency response Hilbert Transformer Continuous-time ideal Hilbert transformer Discrete-time ideal Hilbert transformer Discrete-Time Hilbert Transformer Approximate by odd-length linear phase FIR filter Truncate response to 2 L + 1 samples: L samples left of origin, L samples right of origin, and origin Shift truncated impulse response by L samples to right to make it causal L is odd because every other sample of impulse response is 0 Linear phase FIR filter of length N has same phase response as an ideal delay of length (N-1)/2 (N-1)/2 is an integer when N is odd (here N = 2 L + 1) Matched delay block on slide 15-5 would be an ideal delay of L samples Performance Analysis of PAM If we sample matched filter output at correct tim