5.Joints of limbs.ppt

Joints of limbs附肢骨连结 山东大学医学院 解剖教研室 李振华 Joints of upper limb 上肢骨的连结 Joints of should girdle 上肢带骨的连结 Sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节 Bones: sternal end of clavicle, clavicular notch of sternum, and first costal cartilage Articular capsule: strong and is reinforced by anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments Articular disc: attached to the capsule, dividing the joint into two cavities. Movements: elevation and depression, forward and backward, rotation and circumduction of the acromial end of the clavicle Joints of should girdle上肢带骨的连结 Acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节 Bones: acromion and acromial end of clavicle Movement: rotation of scapula on clavicle Coracoacromial arch 喙肩弓 Composition coracoacromial ligament 喙肩韧带 coranoid process Acromion Prevents the shoulder joint from superior dislocation Joints of free upper limb自由上肢骨的连结 Shoulder joint 肩关节 Elbow joint 肘关节 Radioulnar syndesmosis 桡尺连结 Joints of hand 手关节 ★Shoulder joint 肩关节 Type: ball and socket Bones: head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula Capsule: Thin and lax, especially lower part Attachments: proximal to glenoid labrum; distal to anatomical neck of humerus, except medially where it is slightly distal to surgical neck Tendon of long head of biceps brachii passes though the cavity ★Shoulder joint 肩关节 ★Shoulder joint 肩关节 Accessory structures Glenoid labrum 盂唇: fibrocartilaginous ring on periphery of glenoid cavity Coracohumeral ligament 喙肱韧带: runs from coracoid process to greater tubercle Movements: flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, medial and lateral rotation, circumduction ★ Elbow joint 肘关节 Bones: lower end of humerus, upper ends of radius and ulna Humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节: formed by trochlear of humerus and troclear noch (hinge) Humeroradial joint 肱桡关节: formed by capitulum of humerus and head of radius (ball and socket) Proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺近侧关节: formed by articular circumference of radius and radial notch of ulna Capsule: thin and lax anteriorly and posteri