883016a_ControlOfSpmSynchronousMotorDrives.pptVIP

ECE 8830 - Electric Drives Introduction Control techniques for synchronous motor drives are similar to those for induction motor drives. We will consider both scalar and vector control for surface PM motor (both sinusoidal and trapezoidal PM motor) drives, reluctance motor drives, and wound field synchronous motor drives. Sinusoidal SPM Motor Drives The ideal synchronous motor torque-speed characteristic at a single frequency excitation is as shown below: Sinusoidal SPM Motor Drives (cont’d) Thus, the motor either runs at synchronous speed or doesn’t run at all. Two control approaches - open loop V/Hz control and self-control mode. In open-loop V/Hz control, the frequency of the drive signal is used to control the synchronous speed of the motor. In self-control, feedback from a shaft encoder is used to effect the control. Sinusoidal SPM Motor Drives (cont’d) Open-loop V/Hz control is the simplest control approach and is useful when several motors need to be driven together in synchrony. Here the voltage is adjusted in proportion to the frequency to ensure constant stator flux, ?s. An implementation of this control strategy is shown on the next slide. Sinusoidal SPM Motor Drives (cont’d) Sinusoidal SPM Motor Drives (cont’d) The control characteristics are shown in the figure below: Sinusoidal SPM Motor Drives (cont’d) Neglecting the stator resistance, and using the field flux ?f as the reference phasor, a phasor diagram of the synchronous motor is shown below: Sinusoidal SPM Motor Drives (cont’d) The torque developed by the motor is given by: where Iscos? is the in-phase component of the stator current and ? is the torque angle. If ?e* is changed too quickly, the system will become unstable. The max. rate of acceleration/deceleration is given by: where Ter = rated torque and TL = load torque. Sinusoidal SPM Motor Drives (cont’d) A self-controlled scheme for an SPM motor i