培训课件--脑和脊髓的被膜血管.pptVIP

脑的动脉 脑的动脉的来源： Internal carotid artery 颈内动脉 供应：端脑前2/3、部分间脑 Vertebral artery 椎动脉 供应：端脑后1/3、部分间脑、脑干、小脑 分支类型：皮质支、中央支 颈内动脉 椎动脉 颈内动脉 internal carotid artery 行径 颈部、岩部、海绵窦部、 前床突上部 虹吸部 分支 大脑前动脉 大脑中动脉 脉络丛前动脉 后交通动脉 大脑前动脉 Anterior cerebral 皮质支 中央支 大脑中动脉Middle cerebral artery 皮质支: 中央支: 大脑中动脉 豆纹动脉 脉络丛前动脉 Anterior choroidal artery : 后交通动脉 Posterior communicating artery 颈内动脉 脉络丛前动脉 后交通动脉 椎动脉 Vertebral artery 脊髓前、后动脉 小脑下后动脉 基底动脉 basilar artery 小脑下前动脉 迷路动脉 脑桥动脉 小脑上动脉 大脑后动脉 大脑后动脉 Posterior cerebral artery Cortical branches皮质支: Central branches中央支: 大脑后动脉 大脑前动脉 Cerebral arterial circle ( circle of Willis ) 大脑动脉环 Blockage Area of oxygendeprives brain Thrombus Plaque Subarachnoid hemorrhage Microaneurysm Lenticulostriate arteries Intracerebral hemorhage Arteriovenous malformation Veins of brain 脑的静脉 Superficial cerebral veins 大脑浅静脉 Drain blood from cortex and subcortical medullary substance and empty into adjacent sinuses of dura mater 脑的静脉无静脉瓣，不与动脉伴行，分浅、深组。 Deep cerebral veins 大脑静脉深组 drain deeper parts of hemispheres, basal nuclei, internal capsule, diencephalon and choroid plexus, ultimately form great cerebral vein 大脑大静脉which enter straight sinus Blood vessels of spinal cord 脊髓的血管 Arteries of spinal cord 脊髓的动脉 来源 椎动脉：发出脊髓前、后动脉 节段性动脉： Damage area 危险区: T1~T4,ventral part of L1 动脉冠 Spinal veins 脊髓的静脉: drain into internal vertebral venous plexus . 脑和脊髓的被膜与血管脑脊液循环The Meninges and Blood Vessels of Brain and Spinal Cord,  the Cerebrospinal Fluid 脑和脊髓的被膜The Meninges of Brain and Spinal Cord 硬 膜 dura mater 蛛网膜 arachnoid 软 膜 pia mater 脊髓的被膜 The meninges of spinal cord  硬脊膜 spinal dura mater 脊髓蛛网膜 spinal arachnoid mater 软脊膜 spinal pia mater 1、硬脊膜 spinal dura mater 枕骨大孔边缘----- S2水平。 硬膜外隙 Epidural space 位置 内容物 特点 临床意义：硬膜外麻醉