低浓度除草剂对农田大型土壤动物群落结构的影响.docVIP

低浓度除草剂对农田大型土壤动物群落结构的影响 　　摘要：为了解除草剂对土壤生态系统的影响，对乙草胺、2，4-D-丁酯和噻吩磺隆3种除草剂推荐用药量影响下的农田生态系统的大型土壤动物进行调查，共获得大型土壤动物310头，隶属于2门4纲10目。群落结构分析显示除草剂影响并未造成大型土壤动物种类、数量和生物量的降低，多样性指数、均匀度指数和优势度指数也未表现出明显的变化;大型土壤动物群个体数和类群数在不同类型除草剂影响下未表现出显著差异，而其在不同月份之间的差异达到显著水平;垂直结构分析显示大型土壤动物在5～10 cm土层最多，表层较少，除草剂的施用没有导致土壤动物垂直结构发生明显的变化;大型土壤动物与环境因子之间的相关性不明显。 　　关键词：除草剂;低浓度;大型土壤动物;群落结构;农田生态系统 　　中图分类号：S451.1;S154.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2014）20-4856-05 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2014.20.023 　　The Impacts of Low Concentration Herbicides on Soil Macro-fauna in Field Ecosystem 　　ZHANG Shu-hua， ZHOU Li-jun， ZHENG Li-ying， PENG Wan-chen 　　（College of Agricultural and Hydraulic Engineering， Suihua University， Suihua 152061， Heilongjiang，China） 　　Abstracts： Structures of soil macro-fauna communities in field ecosystem were analyzed based on the effects of exerting acetochlor， 2，4 drops butyl and thifensulfuron-methyl to study the influence of herbicide on soil ecosystem. A total of 310 soil macro-fauna belonging to 2 phylums， 4 classes and 10 orders were collected. The analysis of community structure showed that the low concentration of herbicide effect didnt lead to the reduce of macro-fauna species ，individual number and biomass. The indices of diversity， evenness and dominance did not show obvious change between the samples under the effect of herbicides and not. One way ANOVA analysis showed there was no significant difference in different herbicide effects on the individuals and groups of macro-fauna while the difference of them in every months was very significant. Vertical structure analysis of macro-fauna showed that it was most in the layer of 5～10 cm and the surface layer was less. It had no obvious changes in vertical structure of soil macro-animals under the effects of herbicide. The correlation between soil macro-fauna and the environment factors was not significant. 　　Key words： herbicide; low concentration; soil macro-fauna; community structure; field ecosystem 　　农药施用是现代农业生态系统管理