专业文献综述题目蚜茧蜂对其寄主蚜虫的龄期选择及后代蜂的发育.docVIP

专业文献综述 题 目: 蚜茧蜂对其寄主蚜虫的龄期选择 及后代蜂的发育表现 姓 名: 郁娟娟 学 院: 植物保护学院 专 业: 生态学 班 级: 生态22班 学 号: 1222225 指导教师: 李保平 职称: 教授 2006 年 3 月 30 日 南京农业大学教务处制 蚜茧蜂对其寄主蚜虫的龄期选择及后代蜂的发育表现 摘要：蚜茧蜂是蚜虫的主要天敌类群之一，可用于控制蚜害。影响蚜茧蜂寄生的因子有寄主龄期等，在一般情况下，蚜茧蜂喜好选择较小龄期的蚜虫作为自己合适的寄主。但是，当环境因素或者寄主本身生理状况发生改变时，蚜茧蜂对其寄主的选择也存在差异。在容性寄生蜂中寄主蚜虫的自身营养及发育潜能将对寄生蜂的羽化率产生一定的影响，同时，蚜茧蜂后代的一些发育特征如发育时间及体型大小等均不同程度上受到寄主质量的影响。寄主质量也影响寄生蜂的子代性比，一般情况下，寄生蜂在体型较大的寄主上产较多的雌性卵，在较小的寄主上产较多的雄性卵，因为增加雌性后代比增加雄性后代能使寄生蜂的适合度大大增加。此外，环境及生物因素对寄生蜂选择寄主的影响也是显而易见的。 关键词：蚜茧蜂；蚜虫；龄期选择；适合度；发育 Host-stage selection and development of the aphid parasitoid in relation to its host Abstract： Aphidiid is one of the most important nature enemies on aphids, it can be used to control the disservice of aphids. There are many factors, for example the host-stage and host quality, could effect the parasitization of aphidiid. Generally, the parasitoid shows a preference for younger aphids to parasitize. But it will change its selection when the condition of environment or physiological state of hosts altered. In koinobiont parasitoid，the emergence of aphidiid depends on the resources and growth potential of the hosts. Meanwhile, the host quality also influence the development of aphidiid, such as development time and body size for example . And sex ratio of progeny is in relation to host resource too. Ordinarily, aphidiid should allocate more fertilized eggs to large hosts and more unfertilized eggs to small hosts, because more fitness can be gained from increased females. Besides, environmental condition and biological factor have influence on the parasitization of aphidiid too. Key words: Aphidiid; Aphid; Host-stage selection; Fitne