河北省北部马铃薯早疫病菌对嘧菌酯敏感性的测定与分析.docVIP

河北省北部马铃薯早疫病菌对嘧菌酯敏感性的测定与分析 　　摘要：选取2009～2011年采集自河北省张家口、承德两地的74株马铃薯早疫病菌（Alternaria solani），用抑制分生孢子萌发的方法，进行嘧菌酯敏感性测定，旨在为生产上科学使用嘧菌酯提供理论依据。结果表明，嘧菌酯的EC50介于0.01～0.13 μg/mL之间，平均EC50为0.04 μg/mL。处于敏感基线的菌株（EC50 0.01～0.07 μg/mL）占总数的87.84%。2009～2011年所采集的早疫病菌对嘧菌酯敏感性随年度略微有所下降，不同地区采集的菌株对嘧菌酯的敏感性也有差异。因此，河北省北部地区马铃薯早疫病的防控仍可以使用嘧菌酯，但不可盲目，并实时检测菌株的抗药性。 　　关键词：马铃薯早疫病菌（Alternaria solani）；嘧菌酯；敏感基线 　　中图分类号：S435.32 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2014）19-4598-03 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2014.19.023 　　Determination and Analyses of Sensitivity to Azoxystrobin of Alternaria solani from Potato in the Northern Hebei Province 　　ZHOU Yuan， YANG Zhi-hui， XU Jin， LIU Li-li， ZHU Jie-hua 　　（College of Plant Protection， Agricultural University of Hebei， Baoding 071000， Hebei， China） 　　Abstract： Seventy-four isolates of Alternaria solani were collected from Zhangjiakou and Chengde in Hebei province from 2009 to 2011. Sensitivity to azoxystrobin was determined with inhibition of conidial germination methods to provide theoretical basis for the scientific use of azoxystrobin. The results showed that the EC50 values were in the range of 0.01～0.13 μg/mL. The mean of the EC50 value was 0.04 μg/mL. 87.84% of the total strain was sensitive（EC50 values were in the range of 0.01～0.07 μg/mL）. Strains with azoxystrobin sensitivity decreased slightly year by year. There were differences in sensitivity of azoxystrobin for the strains collected in different regions. Prevention and control of potato early blight can still use azoxystrobin in northern Hebei Province. It is advised not to use blindly and to detect strains of drug-resistant of azoxystrobin at any time. 　　Key words： potato early blight （Alternaria solani）； azoxystrobin； sensitive baseline 　　马铃薯早疫病是由茄链格孢（Alternaria solani）引起的马铃薯重要真菌病害之一，在世界各国普遍发生[1]，且近年来呈上升趋势，被认为是仅次于马铃薯晚疫病的第二大病害[2]，该病害在马铃薯产区可造成20%～30%产量损失[3-5]。目前，生产中抗早疫病的马铃薯品种少，对早疫病的防治主要依靠化学药剂[6]。嘧菌酯（azoxystrobin），商品名为阿米西达，是瑞士先正达公司开发的第一个商品化的甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂[7]。嘧菌酯对四大作物致病真菌中大部分病菌都具有很好的控制作用，且对环境及非靶标生物安全，