翻译讲义3.docVIP

被动语态的处理 1. 常见的汉译英被动语态 例1：他仅有的一点钱也被抢去了。 He what little money he had. 例2：他受人尊敬。 He by all. 例3：这些小孩每天早晨由母亲替他们穿衣服。 These children by their mother every morning. 例4：他遭到了邻居们的嘲笑。 He by his neighbours. 例5：这组织已给不良分子破坏了。 The organization by undesirable elements. 例6：这孩子将挨母亲责罚了。 The boy by his mother. 例7：一个男孩子让汽车压死了。 A boy by a motorcar. 例8：有明显的迹象表明，一些古老的传统和价值观不再为年轻人所珍视。 Obvious signs show that some old traditions and values by youth any more. 例9：这个问题必须以适当的方式予以处理。 The problem by appropriate means. 例10：该计划将由一个特别委员会加以审查。 The plan by a special committee. 例11：缺点和错误是会克服的。 Shortcomings and mistakes . 例12：这艘轮船是中国制造的。 This ship in China. 例13：社会主义思想体系已为全国人民所接受。 Socialist ideology by the people of the whole country. 2. 无主句的被动语态 例1：一开始只能学习少数句型。 At first only a few sentence patterns can be learned. 例2：要把必要的资料收集起来，加以分析。 should be collected and analyzed. 例3：最后达成了协议。 At last was arrived at. 例4：如果不按时将书归还图书馆或到期前不续借，就得按规定罚款。 If are not retuned to the library on time or not renewed before they are due, must be paid in accordance with the regulations. 例5：随着工业的迅速发展，将生产出更多更快的喷气式飞机。 With the rapid development of industry, more and faster will be produced. 例6：昨天捉到了那凶手。 was caught yesterday. 例7：必须保证每天八小时睡眠。 for sleep must be guaranteed. 例8：门外堆了许多钢板。 was stored outside of the door. 3. 主动句被动译 例1：他站起来讲话，到会听众予以热烈鼓掌。 He rose to speak and was warmly applauded by the audience present. 例2：你听说过马拉松赛跑吗？去年国家体委曾在北京举行第一次全国马拉松锦标赛。 Have you heard of the Marathon Race? The First All-China Marathon Championship Race was held in Beijing lat year under the auspices of the Chinese National Athletic Committee. 4. 模糊语句的被动译法 例1：曾经有人提议立即设计和生产这种装置。 It was suggested that such devices should be designed and produced without delay. 例2：已经指出，他们的建议在某种程度上是合理的。 that their suggestion is reasonable to a certain degree. 例3：据说，她能讲几种外国语。 that she can speak several foreign languages. She is said to be able to speak several foreign languages. 例4：大家知道，宇宙万物都在不断地运动和变化。 that everything in the universe is in c