acultyofAgricultureDepartmentofhorticultureandcropsc.ppt

EXAMPLES of interaction . resulted from excess of some: A_ excess (NO3-) con. During early growth stages of Tomato →block B absorption ,death of growing points,stunting stem, fluffy flowers X low or no pollens B_excess P→preciptat Fe →appearing of its diff. symp C_ excess K→↓Ca availability and visa versa D_ excess Fe→↓Mn availability and preciption P E_ ↑B above 20 ppm → plant toxicity astrals panrent along vines tiar converted to boron color F_ excess of Zn→toxic of plants as yellowing of areas between vines G_excess Cu above 1 ppm →toxicity as yellowing between vines. To overcome problems of excess by: diluting of used solution or preparation of new solution with proper con. -Washing of the media with pure water for many days. PH of nutritive solution : the proper is 6_6.5, that affected by the balance between NO3- and NH4+ which should not decrease below 10% as NH4+ and better to be around 25% deveasing PH below 5→↑absortion of some elements up to toxic level as Zn,Cu,B while ↑ PH above 7.5→ precipitates P,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn decreasing their availability for plants . can be modified by H2SO4 to acidic or by NaOH to alkaline on the recirculation solution. *Conc. Of elements in nutritive solution is expressed as: -Ppm: 1 ppm means 1 g of substance dissolved in 1000 L of water→ 1 g in 1000 000 cm3. -mM : 1 Molar : dissolving the molecular w.t of material in 1 L of water → mM : molecular w.t in 1000 L of water -meq\L: (molecular wt\Valency=eq. w.t)→meq=1\1000 of eq.wt. so, meq\L=1\1000 of eq.wt dissolved in 1 L of water -Osmotic pressure= that expressed as atmospheric pressure, where 1 atmospheric pressure=14.7?????????? or 1032 gm\cm2(453X14.7)\(2.54X2.54 Points to be taken in consideration during preparation of circulating solution: 1_ Using of normal,local, commercial chemical of NPK of low conc. If possible. 2_Used wethable chemicals(easy dissolved) and not granulars hard dissolved 3_ knowing of sources each required elementes (tnve 23-6) 4_ followi