攻克阅读中的生词五招.docVIP

攻克阅读中的生词五招 　　在平时或考试中阅读短文时，我们遇到最头痛的问题就是生词。生词成为我们获得阅读高分的最大障碍。对生词的处理，不仅影响阅读速度，同时也影响对文章的理解和掌握。攻克阅读文章中的生词，是高中生必备的能力之一。具备了这种能力，既有助于养成良好的阅读习惯，又能解决高考英语阅读理解中的猜测词义这一类必考题。本文结合具体的实例来为大家介绍五种猜测词义的方法。 　　一、根据重复的表述或句子结构来猜测词义 　　有时候，为了把一件事情叙述或说明得更清楚、更详细，文章的作者往往会使用一些意义相同或相近的词来表达同一概念或同一动作，这时，我们就可以利用这些意义上重复的词语去猜测生词的词义。例： 　　[例1] （2009年广东） We studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard，rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that ten―dollar grand prize，each and every one of us. I’m going to spend mine on candies，one hopeful would announce，while another practiced looking serious，wise and rich. 　　47. The underlined phrase most probably means _____________. 　　A. formed an idea for B. made an outline for 　　C. made some space for D. chose some colors for 　　一开始，“conjured up”的意思不是十分清楚，只要接着往下读，意思就会逐渐明朗起来，本段上下句是Some...Other...句式，while we conjured up our designs在语法功能和语义的对应部分是while deep in thought，可见conjured up的意思是“思考，想象”，故选A。 　　二、根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义 　　在阅读的过程中，如遇到生词，也不必惊慌，有时可以根据自身的直接或间接经验，或运用自己已有的生活常识将其推测出来。例： 　　[例2]（2010年全国高考卷Ⅱ）Beijing’s skiing craze is partly a result of the recent increase in private cars. This has led to the growth of a leisure industry in the capitals suburbs， which until the late-1990s were unreachable to ordinary people， According to Mr. Wei， about 40% of the visitors to his resort come in their own cars. The rest are bused in by schools， businesses or government offices. 　　52. The underlined words “leisure industry” refer to _________. 　　A. transport to ski resorts 　　B. production of family cars 　　C. business of providing spare time enjoyments 　　D. part-time work for people living in the suburbs 　　按常识可知，私家车的增加说明人们的生活水平提高了，娱乐活动亦随之增加，同时也就促进了滑雪之类行业的发展，由此可推知划线部分的含义是“休闲业”，因此选C。 　　三、根据上下文的语境关联来猜测词义 　　字不离词，词不离句。任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。做题时，