培训课件-Osteology解剖学绪论骨学.pptVIP

Skull seen from below (inferior view) alveolar arch 牙槽弓 bony palate 骨腭 median palatine suture 腭正中缝 incisive foramina 切牙孔 incisive canal 切牙管 greater palatine foramen 腭大孔 posterior nasal apertures 鼻后孔 pterygoid process 翼突 occipital condyle 枕髁 external opening of hypoglossal canal 舌下神经管外口 external opening of carotid canal 颈动脉管外口 styloid process 茎突 stylomastoid foramen 茎乳孔 mandibular fossa 下颌窝 articular tubercle 关节结节 Lateral view of the skull 颅侧面观 external acoustic pore 外耳门 mastoid process 乳突 zygomatic arch 颧弓 temporal fossa 颞窝 pterion 翼点 pterygomaxillary fissure 翼上颌裂 pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窝 sphenopalatine foramen 蝶腭孔 Skull viewed from the front (anterior view)颅的前面观 Frontal region: frontal squama 额鳞 frontal tuber 额结节 superciliary arch 眉弓 glabella 眉间 Orbit 眶 pyramid-shaped paired cavities Base: supraorbital notch 眶上切迹 infraorbital foramen 眶下孔 Apex: optic canal 视神经管 Walls Superior: fossa for lacrimal gland 泪腺窝 Medial: fossa for lacrimal sac 泪囊窝 Inferior: infraorbital fissure 眶下裂 infraorbital groove 眶下沟 infraorbital canal 眶下管 Bony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔 Roof: cribriform plate of ethmoid Floor: bony palate Lateral wall Three nasal conchae (superior, middle and inferior) 上、中、下鼻甲 Nasal meatus underlying each concha (superior, middle and inferior) 上、中、下鼻道 Sphenoethmoidal recess蝶筛隐窝 above superior nasal concha Anterior ―piriform aperture 梨状孔 Posterior ―posterior nasal aperture 鼻后孔 communicates with pharynx Paranasal sinuses 鼻旁窦 Frontal sinus 额窦 Lies in frontal bone, deep to superciliary arch Drain to anterior part of middle meatus Maxillary sinus 上颌窦 Largest paired sinus, lie in the body of maxilla; Opening into middle nasal meatus Ethmoidal cellules 筛窦 Lie in ethmoidal bone, contains large number of air cells, divided into anterior, middle and posterior groups Anterior and middle groups drain into middle nasal meatus, while posterior group drains into superior nasal meatus Sphenoidal sinus 蝶窦 Lies in body