不定式THEINFINITIVE资料.doc

THE INFINITIVE 1. Form The infinitive is the base form of a verb. It may be preceded by to (the?to-infinitive)?or stand alone (the?base or zero infinitive). 2. Infinitive with or without to The to-infinitive is used: after certain verbs. e.g.?want, wish, agree, fail, mean, decide, learn after the auxiliaries?to be to,?to have to, and?ought to in the pattern it is + adjective +?to-infinitive Examples with to The elephant?decided?to marry?the mouse The mouse?agreed?to marry?the elephant You?will have?to ask?her You?are?to leave?immediately He?ought?to relax She?has?to go?to Berlin next week Its easy?to speak?English It is hard?to change?jobs after twenty years Its stupid?to believe?everything you hear without to I?would rather?visit?Rome. She?would rather?live?in Italy. Would you rather?eat?steak or fish? He?would rather?work?in a bank. Id rather?be?a forest than a tree. THE ZERO INFINITIVE The zero infinitive is used: after most auxiliaries?(e.g.?must,?can,?should,?may,?might) after verbs of perception, (e.g.?see,?hear,?feel)?with the pattern?verb + object + zero infinitive after the verbs?make?and?let, with the pattern?make/let + object + zero infinitive after the expression?had better after the expression?would rather?when referring to the speakers?own?actions ? Examples: After auxiliaries: She?cant?speak?to you. He?should?give?her some money. Shall?I?talk?to him? Would?you?like?a cup of coffee? I?might?stay?another night in the hotel. They?must?leave?before 10.00 a.m. After verbs of perception: He?saw?her?fall?from the cliff. We?heard?them?close?the door. They?saw?us?walk?toward the lake. She?felt?the spider?crawl?up her leg. After the verbs make and let: Her parents?let?her?stay?out late. Lets?go?to the cinema tonight. You?made?me?love?you. Dont?make?me?study?that boring grammar book! NOTICE?that the?to-infinitive?is used when?make?is in the passive voice: I?am made to sweep?the floor every day. She?was made to eat?fish even though she hated it. After ha