第二讲数词和主谓一致.ppt

高考总复习·人教版·英语 语法部分 第二讲 数词和主谓一致 一、主谓一致 考点透析 谓语受主语支配，需在人称和数上和主语保持一致。处理主谓一致问题可依据三项原则： 1. 语法一致:主语为单数形式，谓语用单数；主语是复数形式，谓语用复数。名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等充当主语时，一般适用语法一致原则。如： (1)The boy is clever enough to learn mathematics well. (2)All the students are listening to their teacher attentively. (3)Collecting stamps gives me pleasure and betters my understanding of the world as well. (4)What you do is different from what you say. 2.意义一致 : 有时要从意义着眼处理主谓一致问题。数学算式、集合名词、疑问代词、“the +形容词” 充当主语时，一般适用意义一致原则。 (1)Five pound is quite enough for you to buy a radio or a walkman ，something like that. (2)His family was going to have a long journey，but on the day when they were supposed to set off，some family were ill，so they had to cancel the plan. 3.就近一致：谓语的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。 当not only...but also...，or,either...or...，neither...nor...，not...but...，whether...or...等连词连接两个主语时、在there be 句型中、以及在倒装句中，一般适用就近一致原则。如： He didn，t say whether some English novels or an English dictionary was wanted. Not only you but also he is to blame. 温馨提示： 1.a number of+名词复数+动词复数形式; the number of+名词单/复数+动词单数形式。 2.a lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，two- thirds of ，fifty percent of等短语后接名词做主语时，谓语的数依名词的数而定，即后接不可数名词或名词单数时，谓语用单数，后接名词的复数形式时，谓语用复数。 3.one and a half + 名词复数+动词单数 4.many a + 名词单数+动词单数 5.every+名词单数and every+名词单数 +动词单数 如：(2008年陕西卷)Every boy and every girl in the area was invited. 二、数词 考点透析 1.hundred，thousand，million ,billion表示确切的数目时，不能加s ，如：two hundred students。如果表示不确切的数目，则在后加s ，并与of连用。如: hundreds of teachers ，thousands of farmers，millions of stars。 2.scores of与dozens of都表示概数，意为“数十， 许多”，scoresof eggs(许多个鸡蛋)、 dozens of eggs(许多个/一打鸡蛋)都是成立的，但可以说 a score of eggs，不能说 a dozen of eggs。 3. 年代的表示法有两种。二十世纪八十年代可写成 in the 1980s 或 in the 1980s。