列控系统规范验证的反例可视化研究.doc

列控系统规范验证的反例可视化研究 李志斌 陶然 摘 要：列控系统的规范已逐渐成形，而且对于列控系统这样安全苛求系统而言，系统需求规范中的任何缺陷都有可能由潜在的风险演变成系统失效从而导致安全事故的发生，因此对规范的形式化验证就很有必要。但是由于形式化验证的结果往往过于繁杂，工程技术人员不能很好地对结果进行分析和追踪，进而提出了一些将得到的反例进行可视化操作的研究。 目前存在许多研究，试图结合UML与形式化方法的优点，提供一种易于使用的并且根据需求提供相应程度形式化验证的软件方法。这些方法一般先使用UML对系统规范进行建模，然后将UML图形转换成相应的形式化规范语言，并使用相应工具进行验证。但是形式化验证和验证结果的反例追踪，目前并不能很好地标注在UML的各类图上，这为验证错误的定位设置了极大障碍。 针对现有问题，本文结合密歇根大学计算机科学软件工程与网络系统实验室提出的Theseus可视化框架，进行列控系统规范验证的反例可视化研究，利用Eclipse平台开发模型检验反例可视化插件，通过集成反例可视化与UML建模和验证工具链，实现了列控系统规范建模、验证和结果显示的自动化。 关键词：列控规范；反例验证；可视化  Visualization of counterexamples for specification and verification of train control system LI Zhi-bin ， TAO Ran Abstract: Train control?system?specification has been?gradually?formed, and as for safety critical?systems such as the?train control system,?if there exists any defect, the specification?of system requirements is likely to evolve into?the?potential risks of?system failure, resulting in?the occurrence of?accidents. so it’s necessary to formally verify the?specification. However, due to?formal verification?of the?results are often?too?complicated, and engineers?cannot properly?analyze the results?and tracking. So some researches about the visualization of counterexamples have been done. At present, there are many?studies attempting to combine?the advantages of UML?and the formal methods, then providing?an easy way to offer software?formal verification?methods based on demands. These methods?generally?take advantages of the UML?to model?the system?specification and then?convert the corresponding UML?diagrams into?formal?specification language using the appropriate tools for verification. However,?the results of?formal verification?and the trace of validation counterexamples are not well marked in?all kinds of UML?diagrams, so some obstacles occur in locating the places of errors. For the existing?problems,?with?visualization framework, “Theseus” which is given by?Computer Science?Software Engineering?and Network Systems Laboratory of University of Michi