2017最新高三总复习（专题攻略）之时态语态：现在完成进行时.docVIP

1. 现在完成进行时的定义 现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。 We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我们已经等了他两个小时了。 2. 现在完成进行时的结构 have/has been + doing 3. 现在完成进行时的应用 现在完成进行时所用的时间状语：this month/week/year, these days, recently/lately, in the past few+时间段, since +时间点，for+时间段。 They have been building the bridge for two months. 这座桥他们已经建了两个月了。 They have been planting trees this month. 这个月他们在植树。 4. 现在完成进行时的用法 1 表示动作的延续 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2,000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去） I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。 2 表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。 We ?have ?been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了。（动作不再继续下去） 3 有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。 They have been living in this city for ten years./They have lived in this city for ten years. 他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years./I have worked here for five years. 我在这里已经工作两年了。 4 大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去） 我一直在写一本书。 I have written a book.（动作已经完成） 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。 5 表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 I have been knowing...（×） 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love（爱），like（喜欢），hate（讨厌）等。 常见考法 1. 现在完成进行时的基本用法； 2. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别； 3. 现在完成进行时和其他时态的搭配 误区提醒 1. 现在完成进行时的构成记忆不清； 2. 不能准确区分现在完成进行和现在完成时的区别； 3. 时态搭配上出现错误 小试牛刀 1. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she _______ English for a year. A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 2.. Now that she is out of job, Lucy _______ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering?? C. considered D. is going to consider 3.—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday? —No, but we _______ to get in touch with them ever since. A. have tried B. have been trying C. had tried D. had been trying 【答案及解析】 3. D【解析】“从那时一直到现在，我们一直在努力和他们联系。”A选项表示联系过，隐含已经放弃，所以错误。正确答案为D。 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 1. 现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完