2017最新高三总复习（专题攻略）之时态语态：过去完成时.docVIP

1. 概念：表示过去的过去 构成：had +过去分词 2. 用法 1 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句中； She said that she had never been to Paris. 她说她从来没有去过巴黎。 2 状语从句为过去时，主句动作发生在前时； When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到的时候，贼已经逃跑了。 3 用hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等的过去完成时表示原本…，未能… We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 我们希望你能来，可是你没有。 3. 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. 他说他之前学过一袭英语。 By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 十二岁时，Edison就开始养活自己了。 Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. Tom赶到聚会地点时，大多数的宾客已经走了，他很失望。 4. 用一般过去时代替完成时 1 两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then, and, but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。 When she saw the mouse, she screamed. My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 2 两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。 When I heard the news, I was very excited. 当我听到这个消息时，我很兴奋。 3 叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。 Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492. 我们的老师告诉我们，Columbus于1492年发现了美洲大陆。 5. 表示在过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。 By the end of last term, we had learned 2,000 words. 到上学期末时，我们已经学了2,000个词。 He had left before I got home. 他在我回来之前就走了。 6. hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等用于过去完成时，表示未实现的希望、打算或意图，意为“原本……”。 We had expected that you would be able to win the match. 我本以为你们能够赢得这场比赛。 7. “It/This/That was＋the＋序数词＋time＋that...”句式中，that后的从句用过去完成时。 It was the third time that he had made the same mistake. 这是他第三次犯同样的错误。 8. “hardly/scarcely...when...”和“no sooner...than...”结构中，主句用过去完成时。 Hardly had the game started when it started to rain. 比赛一开始，天就下雨了。 常见考法 1. 基本概念的考查； 2. 和被动语态一起考查以增加难度； 3. 将空设在从句中。 误区提醒 1. 对“过去的过去”认识不清； 2. 受被动语态等因素的影响； 3. 有从句时主从时间的先后辨别不清。 小试牛刀 1.The students ______ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ______ in the office. A. had written; left B. were writing; has left C. had written; had left D. were writing; had left 2. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small