长翅目MECOPTERA(英文)简介.pptVIP

MECOPTERA The name Mecoptera, derived from the Greek words meco meaning long and ptera meaning wings, refers to the shape of both the front and hind wings. Characteristics Immatures Body eruciform (caterpillar-like) or scarabaeiform (grub-like) Head capsule well-developed, with mandibulate mouthparts Abdomen usually has 8 pairs of prolegs Characteristics Adults Head elongate with slender mandibulate mouthparts Front and hind wings narrow, elongate, and similar in size; crossveins numerous. ? Some species are secondarily wingless. Tarsi 5-segmented Males of some species have enlarged external genitalia held recurved over the abdomen like a scorpions tail. Life Cycle Holometabola complete development (egg, larva, pupa, adult) The larva are generally eruciform (like a catapillar), but may be modified scarabeiform (grub like, with a well developed head, a thick cylindrical body and 3 pairs of thoracic legs, but no prolegs) i.e. Boridae and Panorpidae, or campodeiform (elongate and flattened with well developed legs and antennae) as in the Nanochoristidae. They have biting mouth parts and 3 pairs of thoracic legs. The pupa is exarate (having its appendages i.e. legs antennae etc. free outside of the main body of the pupa) and dectitious Feeding Both larvae and adults are omnivorous. ? Mostly, they feed upon decaying vegetation and dead (or dying) insects. ? Larvae generally remain in the soil; they have chewing mouthparts and resemble caterpillars (Lepidoptera) or white grubs (Coleoptera). ? Most adults have an elongated head with slender, chewing mouthparts near the tip of a stout beak. ? Front and hind wings are similar in shape (occasionally reduced in size or absent), and often mottled with patches of color. ? Distribution The Mecoptera is a minor insect order of about 500 described species arranged in nine families. The Panorpidae (common scorpionflies) contains most of the species in the order -- about 300 world wide, living mainly on the northern co