第五章翻译.docVIP

第五章翻译 Unit 5 Techniques of Lexical Translation 词汇翻译技巧（下） Section 1 Affirmative or Negative Expression 否定句翻译 Warming-up： As some linguists have pointed out，every language has its peculiarities in negation．And there is indeed an important，though often neglected，difference between English and Chinese in negation．It is a difference in the way of thinking and in the mode of speaking．A close study of them may shed light on this discrepancy. A：Are you not going tomorrow? B：No，I’m not going． 我认为他不对 我想他不会来了 Please observe the opposite approaches to the same concept in the following examples: affirmative -----Negative We may safely say so. 我们这样说万无一失。 Negative---- affirmative Don’t lose time in posting the letter. 赶快把这封信寄出去。 In Chinese，however，the above “no” should be rendered as“是的”，otherwise，it would cause confusion．Similarly，it is idiomatic to say“我认为他不对”，“我想他不会来了”in Chinese．In English，however，these ideas would be expressed as “I don’t think he is correct”，“I don’t think he will come”，with the negative put immediately after the subject of the main clause “I”． Ⅰ，Negative Forms From the above illustrations we may see clearly that what is affirmative in form in one language may often mean something negative in another. The Eastern and Western people think and speak quite differently. Some English words, phrases or sentences of affirmative expression may be transformed into Chinese ones of negative expression, or vice versa It is very important for all of us to deal with the negative sentences in translating. Therefore negation can be generally divided into complete negation, connotative negation， partial negation, double negation, , transferred negation, etc. Complete Negation 完全否定. Complete negation can be realized by negative words like no, not, none, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere, neither, nor; etc. Generally speaking, the scope of negation normally extends from the negative word to the end of the sentence. i.e. He is not a teacher. 他不是老师。 Ill never