欧洲文化复习资料.docVIP

欧洲文化复习资料 欧洲文化入门复习资料第一部分 Introduction 1、There are many elements constituting（组成） European Culture. 2、There are two major elements： Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element. 3、The richness（丰富性） of European Culture was created by Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element. 第一章 1、The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta. 2、The economy of Athens rested on（依赖） an immense（无限的）amount of slave labour. 3、Olympus mount， Revived in 1896（当代奥运会） 4、Ancient Greece（古希腊）‘s epics was created by Homer. 5、They events of Homer‘s own time. （错） （They are not about events of Homer‘s own time， probably in the period 1200-1100 B.C.） 6、The Homer‘s epics consisted of Iliad and Odyssey. 7、Agamemnon， Hector， Achilles are in Iliad. 8、Odysseus and Penelope are in Odyssey. 9、Odyssey（对其作品产生影响）—→James Joyoe‘s Ulysses（描述一天的生活）。 In the 20th century. 10、Drama in Ancient Greece was floured in the 5th century B.C. 11、三大悲剧大师 ① Aeschylus 《Prometheus Bound》—→模仿式作品 Shelly《Prometheus Unbound》 ② Sophocles（之首） 《Oedipus the King》—→ Freud‘s “the Oedipus complex” （恋母情结） —→ David Herbert Lawrence’s《Sons and lovers》（劳伦斯）447页 ③ Euripides A.《Trojan Women》 B.He is the first writer of “problem plays”（社会问题剧） 在肖伯纳手中达到高潮，属于存在主义戏剧的人物 C.Elizabeth Browning called him “Euripides human”（一个纯粹的人） D.Realism can be traced back（追溯到） to the Ancient Greece. To be specific（具体来说）， Euripides. 12、The only representative of Greek comedy is Aristophanes. 18页 Aristophanes writes about nature. —→浪漫主义湖畔派（The lakers）华兹华兹 Swift says of him “As for comic Aristophanes， The dog too witty and too profane is.” （新古典主义代表作家《格列夫游记》《大人国小人国》《温和的提议》用讽刺的写作手法） 13、History （Historical writing）史学创作 ※ “Father of History” —→ Herodotus —→ war（between Greeks and Persians） This war is called Peleponicion wars. 博罗奔泥撒，3 只是陈述史实，并没有得出理论。 ※ “The greatest historian that ever lived.” （有史以来最伟大的历史学家） —→ T