3.6《 unt3 computer_period 4 grammar》.pptVIP

现在完成时的被动语态的用法 1.表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响和结果. The door has been locked.?? 2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for 或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于How long...?句型中. The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks. How long has the machine been used? 二、现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题 ? 1.请注意现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词,即have/has和been,两者缺一不可。 2. 请注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系. The bridge was built last year. 这桥是去年建成的。 The bridge has been built.? 这桥已经建好了。 3.请注意一些特殊动词,如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思,则需改换动词或时态。如: [误] How long has this book been bought? [正] How long ago was this book bought? 但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程,具有连续性,因而可与since或for引导的时间状语连用。如: No books have been bought since last week. 自上周以来,没有人来买过书。 三、 巩固练习? 1.－How many times______ not to play with fire? －I’m sorry. I’ll never do that again. A. do you tell ??????? B. had you told? C. are you told ?????? D. have you been told? 2.The fire _______ to the fifth floor. _______ all the people _______? A. has got; Have; been saved??? B. has been got; Have; saved C. has got; Do; save???? D. has got; Have; saved 3.Do you know the thief ______ by the police? has caught? ??????? B. has been catching C. was caught? ??????? D. has been caught? 4.This is one of the happiest days ______ spent in my life. A. that have ever been B. that have never been C. which was ever????? ??D. which we have never 5.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday_____ yet. A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided He has been writing the report for two days.变为被动语态的结构是： The report has been written by him for two days. 5.Some new oil fields_____ since 1976. A. were opened up B. has opened up C. have been opened up D. had been opened up 6.The silence of the library_____ only by the sound of pages being turned over. A. has been broken B. breaks C. b