第二章 原核生物形态、构造及功能4(刘).pptVIP

（四）细菌细胞壁以外的构造 —菌毛(fimbria，复数fimbriae) The capsule has several roles. It protects the cell from DRYING. It serves as an extra source of NUTRITION. in times of need. It helps the cells STICK or attach to things because of its sticky (adhesive) nature and as such is part of biofilms. By sticking the cells to solid surfaces capsules/slime layers prevent them from washing away and provide a protective environment for the cells. It PROTECTS the cell from destruction by white blood cells. It may be TOXIC or inhibitory to a hosts defense system and so aid in the disease process. 应用：荚膜也可以成为有价值的