板形培训答案.ppt

Long-middle Wavy Edges Sources of Flatness Variation: Coiling Mechanics of Shape Introduction Objective of the Session - What do you want? What is Shape / Flatness? What are the different types of off-Flatness? Why do we require Flatness? How is Flatness measured / quantified? What are the various factors that effect Flatness? How is Flatness Controlled at the Mills? Off-line Flatness / Shape errors What is Shape / Flatness? Shape or Flatness is defines as the strain profile or strain differential across the width of the strip. In simple languages, it is the ability of all portions of the strip, sheet or foil to touch the base when rested on a flat base. In the process of Rolling, the large forces imposed on the rolls causes them to bend or flatten. Also a lot of heat is generated in the Rolling Process. This and other factors can create a non-parallel roll gap This causes uneven reduction across the width of the strip. What is Shape / Flatness? (cont.) This leads to non-uniform elongation such that the emerging strip is longer in certain portions. For example, the emerging strip may be longer at the middle than at the edges. The middle portion will therefore become wavy to accommodate the extra length and the strip will not lie flat when relaxed Strip Lengths across the width La HOW DO THE DEFECTS LOOK LIKE? Full Center Buckle Edge Pockets Edge Pockets Edge Wave / Ripple Edge Ripple Edge Ripple (plant light) Edge Ripple (office light) WAVY EDGES CENTRE BUCKLES QUARTER POCKETS B’ B A’ A B’ B A’ A B’ B A’ A Lateral Curvature Coil-set Cross-bow Definitions: Lateral Curvature, Cross-bow and Coil-set Definition: Anticlastic Curvature Anticlastic Curvature Anticlastic curvature is a curvature which is induced when a sheet that is curved in one plane is elastically flattened Tensile Compressive Forces at the Upper and Lower Surfaces of a Strip being bent around a Radius of Curvature Sources of Flatness Variation: Bending of sheet r = the radius at which the outer