第二节 肠营养的选择.docVIP

第二节 肠内营养的选择 ? 　　进行肠内营养支持时，需根据预期营养支持的时间、肠道功能的受损程度、发生吸入性肺炎的危险性及病人的病情和营养状况，决定肠内营养方式和制剂。　　 一、病人的选择　　If the GI tract is functional, it should be used for enteral nutrition (EN), even if only a small amount can be tolerated. Oral intake is encouraged once a speech pathologist has determined the patient is not at high risk for aspiration. Nasoenteric devices, preferably postpyloric, are preferred if EN is not expected to persist past 30 days. Percutaneous gastrostomy or jejunostomy devices are placed if EN is expected beyond 30 days.　　一般认为当病人胃肠道功能不健全、不能吸收足够的营养时，肠外营养能迅速补充营养，改善营养状况，拯救病人的生命。但原则上讲