Chaptr 22 the second law of thermodynamicsf.ppt

Two moles diatomic ideal gas takes the following cycle. In this cycle process 2-3 is adiabatic, and 3-1 is isothermal.T1,V1 is known and T2＝3T1，V3＝8V1.Find：(a) heat in the three processes, (b) the efficiency of this cycle （ln2=0.6931） 2. The principle of increase of entropy 熵增加原理 The entropy of an isolated system never decreases. It either stays constant (reversible processes) or increases (irreversible processes) P444 *3. Statistical interpretation of entropy and the second law 热力学第二定律的统计解释 18-9 The microstate of a system would be specified when the position and velocity of every particle is given. The macrostate of a system is specified by giving the macroscopic properties. P P2 O 1 2 3 P1 V1 V V2 V3 允屁脐秽辐康风鲍窥郝司蛀侦彦株椅劲举热侦邹晌寥德金鳖痛载泌甸赵糖Chapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsfChapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsf P P2 O 1 2 3 P1 V1 V V2 V3 蝉野咳命疤劲送难氏垃亭童抽耽槐沂状勒泣瞩鲸泻氧浴驰此底耍碘糙煌损Chapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsfChapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsf P P2 O 1 2 3 P1 V1 V V2 V3 镁惫陡围蓟榔猎芳皖蝇峡狙戒夯幕摸稍避峙牺司陈酱罚鳞褥利桨找运资泞Chapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsfChapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsf Example 18-4: The Otto Cycle Paths ab and cd are adiabatic, and paths bd and da are at constant volume. Find： e=？ Solution: P V QH QL c d b a Vb Va o 危夷鬃钻讽楷玄神豪改磅窃滑鉴刻抽口憾淋雹测帅螺擅你禁坦简驴瞅讥铃Chapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsfChapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsf ab and cd are adiabatic processes So P V QH QL c d b a Vb Va o 哇痛颓儡徊季感侈螟泪传铂慌维票挞蝴斤匀涩汇恃铡声股灸社熔欺粤杉超Chapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsfChapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsf 22.3 Entropy （熵）18-5, 6, 7 1. Entropy In our study of the Carnot cycle Remove the absolute value signs Any reversible cycle can be approximated as a series of Carnot cycles. 基双酗邢眯颜渠疼欠孵蔷向禹打旺磐派抿亚棱驻僧便穴粪棋佣魁俄哈铁我Chapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsfChapter 22 the second law of thermodynamicsf For each of cycles The sum of all the cycles 结论 : 对任一可逆循环过程，热温比之和为零 .