同等学历英译汉考前指导.docVIP

同等学力英译汉考前指导 总论 翻译的标准----信达雅 或忠实、通顺 翻译的过程 ---理解---表达—校核 一、英汉语言的对比 词的意义方面 词的搭配方面 词序方面 定语的位置 单词作定语 A research-oriented hospital Something important The banker’s little garden A little , yellow, ragged, lame, unshaven beggar.(定语过多，不宜完全前置) 短语做定语 A building project of high-rise apartment houses A candidate with little chance of success 状语的位置 单词作状语 John did not distinguish himself as a student, but he was very active in class. Modern science and technology are developing rapidly. He is running fast enough. 短语作状语 Then with a bag of toys and books we walked across the garden in the gray light of the dawn He was born in New York on May 26,1985. I was born in Burdine, Kentucky, in the heart of the Appalachian coal-mining country. 二、英汉句法现象的对比 句子结构 His superior grades at high school enabled him to enroll at the tuition-free College of the City of New York. The development of an economical artificial heart is only a few transient failures away. That he will come to the discussion is certain. He doesn’t know what life means to him. The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow. Hardly had I got abroad when the train started. Our men had gone quite a distance off before the enemy’s reinforcement troops came up. This place is really beautiful, and many people bring their wives and families out here to live. It was a difficult task, but we accomplished it. Grasp all, lose all. Here at last seemed credible history of the difficult advance of man. 句序 Nothing has happened since we parted. After I had my dinner, I went out for a walk. 汉语通常先发生的事先叙述，后发生的事后叙述。 As the weather was fine, we decided to climb the mountain. He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill. 汉语通常因前果后，英语则较灵活。 Suppose we cannot get the necessary equipment, what shall we do? He who would eat the nut must first crack the shell. 汉语中多数情况条件/假设在前，结果在后。 Let’s work harder so that we may fulfill our plan ahead of schedule. He got up early in the morning in order that he might have time