Bioterrorism Basics (Biodefense) September 8, 2002.ppt

Samuel J. Watson, BioMedical Security Institute and the Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh Bioterrorism Basics(Biodefense)September 8, 2002ASPH Conference History, origins, motivations, threats Differentials How conducted, launched, done Purpose – Motivation Clinical effects Teaching, Research, Planning and Preparedness differentials Detection Response Treatment Containment Violence Against Humans Examples of Terrorism Hostage-taking Aircraft piracy or sabotage Assassinations and kidnappings Threats and hoaxes Indiscriminate bombings Shootings High Explosives Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) vs. Weapons of Mass Casualties (WMC) Chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosives (CBRNE) Scale of Attack and Response Biological Warfare Terrorism Pre-Modern warfare - use of carcasses Early American colonial period WWI - Glanders WWII Japanese Unit 731 UK - US fear of Nazis Cold War - USSR; UK; US; France; PRC “Third World” - Iran; Iraq; North Korea; Libya; Syria; … The Dalles, Oregon - 1984 Iran-Iraq War - 1980s Aum Shin Rykio - 1990s Anthrax – 2001 A Paradigm: Biowar -- Bioterror BioWar Stereotypical attack scenarios Cold War Big attacks 100,000s BioTerror Unconventional attack scenarios Creative terrorism “New” “War” Small attacks 10 – 100 TERRORISM CREATES CASUALTIES TRAUMATIZES POPULATION PRESSURES LEADERS ATEMPTS TO TEAR CIVIL SOCIETY AND DEMORALIZE IT INSPIRES TERRORIST AND THEIR BASE Terrorism Easier to describe than define One definition: Unlawful [criminal] use or threat of violence against persons or property to further political or social objectives Intent is to intimidate or coerce a government, individuals or groups to modify their behavior or policies (VP Bush, Terrorism Task Force Report, February 1986) Unexpected attack against unwarned, unprotected civilians to cause death or provoke fear and panic (not just against U.S. persons) Sources of Terrorist Attacks U.S. persons (OKC, Rashneesh, A