管理学- Chapter 02.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 2–* Exhibit 2–7 Popular Contingency Variables Organization size As size increases, so do the problems of coordination. Routineness of task technology Routine technologies require organizational structures, leadership styles, and control systems that differ from those required by customized or nonroutine technologies. Environmental uncertainty What works best in a stable and predictable environment may be totally inappropriate in a rapidly changing and unpredictable environment. Individual differences Individuals differ in terms of their desire for growth, autonomy, tolerance of ambiguity, and expectations. ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 2–* Current Trends and Issues Globalization Ethics Workforce Diversity Entrepreneurship E-business Knowledge Management Learning Organizations Quality Management ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 2–* Current Trends and Issues (cont’d) Globalization Management in international organizations Political and cultural challenges of operating in a global market Working with people from different cultures Movement of jobs to countries with low-cost labor Ethics Increased emphasis on ethics education in college curriculums Increased creation and use of codes of ethics by businesses ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 2–* Current Trends and Issues (cont’d) Workforce Diversity Increasing heterogeneity in the workforce More gender, minority, ethnic, and other forms of diversity in employees ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 2–* Current Trends and Issues (cont’d) E-Business (Electronic Business) The work preformed by an organization using electronic linkages to its key constituencies Categories of E-Businesses E-business enhanced organization E-business enabled organization Total e-business organization ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 2–* Exhibit 2–9 Categories of E-Business Involvement ? 2007 Pren