空洞型肺结核的CT影像学特征及其与病理基础的关系.docVIP

空洞型肺结核的CT影像学特征及其与病理基础的关系 　　doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2014.14.54 　　摘 要 目的：探讨空洞型肺结核的CT影像学特征及其与病理基础的关系。方法：收治肺结核患者36例作为研究对象，分别采用了X线和CT影像学进行检查。结果：X线显示17个空洞，CT 39个；X线检查显示空洞周围卫星病灶13例，CT观察到24例；经X线检查显示由于空洞而导致的肺内支气管播散患者3例，CT显示7例；经X线检查可见患者结核空洞并存在侧胸膜粘连以及增厚患者1例，CT显示3例；X线检查没有发现1例患者出现淋巴结肿大以及少量积液，CT显示2例（P0.05）。结论：肺结核空洞的CT表现有助于临床结核病的鉴别诊断及防治。 　　关键词 空洞型肺结核 CT影像学特征 病理基础 　　CT imaging characteristics of cavity tuberculosis and its relationship with pathological basis 　　Yang Shengjun 　　The radiology department of the peoples hospital in Leishan County，Qiandongnan State，Guizhou Province，557100 　　Abstract Objective：To explore the CT imaging characteristics of cavity tuberculosis and its relationship with pathological basis.Methods：36 cases of patients with tuberculosis were admited and as the research object，respectively using X-ray and CT imaging to examine.Results：The X-ray showed 17 holes，CT showed 39 holes；X-ray examination showed that 13 cases were the hole in the surrounding satellite lesions，CT observed in 24 cases；X-ray examination showed that 3 cases of patients with endobronchial spread lungs were caused by the hole，CT showed 7 cases；X-ray examination can see 1 case of patient with side pleural adhesion and thickening outside tuberculous cavity，CT showed 3 cases；X-ray examination found that no 1 case of patient had lymph node enlargement and a small amount of effusion，CT showed 2 cases（P0.05）.Conclusion：CT appearances of pulmonary tuberculosis cavity contribute to differential diagnosis and prevention in the clinical diagnosis. 　　Key words Cavity tuberculosis；CT imaging characteristics；Pathological basis 　　空洞是肺部疾病影像学的一种常见表现，很多种疾病在发展过程中都可以形成空洞，不同病因形成的疾病空洞其病理并不完全一致，充分了解空洞的CT影像学特征及其与病理基础的关系十分重要[1]。我院2013年4-12月收治肺结核患者36例，分别采用了X线和CT影像学进行检查，现报告如下。 　　资料与方法 　　2013年4-12月收治肺结核患者36例，作为研究对象，其中男20例，女16例，年龄21～67岁，平均（37.9±5.3）岁，病程8天～3年，平均（6.9±1.7）个月。患者均表现为不同程度的呼吸困难、咳痰、咳嗽，同时伴有纳差、乏力以及低热、盗汗、胸闷、消瘦等临床症状。所有患者均在研究报告同意书上签字，同意本次研究。 　　方法：采用X线机常规摄取患者前后位或者左侧位片，完成后再采用CT扫描机，进行常规扫描，具体操作步骤为：从