高三英语非谓语动词（三）冀教版知识精讲.docVIP

高三英语非谓语动词（三）冀教版知识精讲 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 非谓语动词（三） 二. 教学过程： 6、动名词与不定式作主语、宾语的用法比较 1）作主语： （1）多数情况两者可以互换。例如：Seeing is believing.＝To see is to believe. Talking is easy and doing is difficult.＝To talk is easy and to do is difficult. （2）如果表示一种具体、短期的行为，或表示将来的行为，宜用不定式。例如： It took him two hours to finish the work. To be a scientist is his desire（愿望）. （3）如果表示一种经常性、习惯性的行为，一般用动名词。例如： Getting up early is a good habit. 2）作宾语： （1）有些动词跟不定式、动名词作宾语皆可，意义也差不多，主要有：begin, start, continue, love, prefer等。 （2）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，主要有：wish, hope, expect, demand, refuse, decide. （3）有些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语，已学过的这类词有：finish, imagine, help, admit, avoid, mind, miss, insist on, enjoy, escape, consider, can practise, put off（延迟）＝delay, suggest, feel like, look forward to, devote…to（doing）,be worth. （4）有些动词后跟不定式、动名词意义有明显差别，主要有：forget, remember, regret, stop, mean, try, want, need, require, go on ①forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事＝forget having done sth.＝forget to have done sth. ②remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth.记住做过某事 ③regret to do sth. 遗憾（要）做某事 regret doing sth. 懊悔做了某事 ④stop to do sth. 停下（原事）去做某事（不定式作目的状语） stop doing sth. 停止做某事 ⑤mean to do sth. 决意／打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味／表明做某事 ⑥try to do sth. 努力／设法去做某事 try doing sth. 试图／尝试用某一方法做某事 ⑦want/need/require to do sth. 要／想做某事 want/need/require doing. 需要／想要被…… ⑧go on to do sth. 继续做不同的事 go on doing sth. 继续做相同的事 7. 使用现在分词的几个注意点： （1）作状语用的现在分词，其逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事，例如： ①（正）Standing on top of the tall building,we could see the whole city. （Standing＝When we stood） （误）Standing on top of the tall building,the whole city could be seen. ②（正）Having found the cause, they continued the experiment. （Having found＝After/When they had found） （误）Having found the cause, the experiment continued. （2）短暂动词（即瞬间动词）的现在分词被动式不可作宾补或定语。例如： ①He saw the old man knocked down by the car.（knocked down不可改为being knocked down或having being knocked down） ②Do you like the diction