Central Core CD New Mexico State University中央核心光盘新墨西哥州立大学.ppt

Dry fruit Dry fruit is found on plants such as the dandelion and maple trees. It does not depend on animals for dissemination, but may depend on wind or other methods of dissemination. What conditions are necessary for seed germination? Seeds are designed to wait for favorable conditions to begin growth. They may lay dormant for many years before conditions allow them to begin to grow. Necessary for seed germination Moisture or water Air - particularly oxygen Warm temperatures, between 40 and 104 degrees F. Some plants require light or total darkness for germination. Stratification is when the seed must go through a period of cold temperatures before it will germinate. Scarification is the breaking down of the seed coat. Some seeds have such a hard, thick seed coat that they prevent the absorption of water to enable germination to occur. Germination process The germination process begins with the absorption of water. The seed swells and the embryo changes from a dormant state to an actively growing plant. The embryo draws energy from starches stored in the endosperm or cotyledons. The embryo’s root emerges from the seed and develops into the primary root. Then, the stem of the embryo sprouts upward. Seed Quality The quality of seed used is very important in production agriculture. Viable, or live, seed is important to ensure a high percentage of seed germination. Seed companies test seed to determine its germination percentage, which must be printed on the seed bag. Proper humidity and temperature during storage of the seeds help maintain seed viability. Review / Summary Explain sexual reproduction in plants? How does pollination occur and what are the different types of pollination? How does fertilization occur in flowering plants? What are the structures in seeds and how are they formed? What conditions are necessary for seed germination? The end! Propagating Plants Sexually Next Generation Science/Common Core Standards Addressed! RST.6‐8.1Cite spec