CMSC 132 Lecture University of Maryland CMSC 132读马里兰大学.ppt

Java Review 2 – Errors, Exceptions, Debugging Nelson Padua-Perez Chau-Wen Tseng Department of Computer Science University of Maryland, College Park Java Review Topics Errors Exceptions Debugging Program Errors Types of errors Compile-time (syntax) errors Run-time errors Logic errors Program Errors – Compile Time Compile-time (syntax) errors Errors in code construction Lexical (typographical), grammatical, types Detected during compilation Usually easy to correct quickly Examples Misspelled keyword Missing or misplaced symbol Incorrect operator for variable type Program Errors – Run Time Run-time errors Operations illegal / impossible to execute Detected during program execution But not detectable at compile time Treated as exceptions in Java Example Division by zero Array index out of bounds Using null pointer Illegal format conversion Program Errors – Logic Logic errors Operations leading to incorrect program state May (or may not) lead to run-time errors Problem in design or implementation of algorithm Examples Computing incorrect arithmetic value Ignoring illegal input Hardest error to handle Detect by testing, debugging Java Review Topics Errors Exceptions Debugging Exceptions Rare event outside normal behavior of code Examples Division by zero Access past end of array Out of memory Number input in wrong format (float vs. integer) Unable to write output to file Missing input file Exception Handling – Throw Exception Approach Throw exception Example A( ) { if (error) throw new ExceptionType(); } B( ) { try { A( ); } catch (ExceptionType e) { ...action... } } Representing Exceptions in Java Exceptions represented as Objects derived from class Throwable Code public class Throwable( ) extends Object { Throwable( ) // No error message Throwable( String mesg ) // Error message String getMessage() // Return error mesg void printStackTrace( ) { … } // Record methods … // called location } Generating Handlin