0722动词的时态和语态1-宋雨敏介绍.ppt

3. 含有复合宾语时。含有复合宾语的动词短语(动词+宾语+宾补)变被动时，只能将宾语提前。make, have, see, watch, hear等动词接不带to的不定式作宾补，变被动时必须把to补上。 We call her dodo. She is called dodo. They made him go. He was made to go. 4. believe, consider, feel, know, say, suppose, think, report等动词。这些动词后带有that引导的名词性从句时，主动变被动有两种形式: (1) It + be + 过去分词 + that从句 (2) 名词性从句中的主语 + be + 过去分词 + to do They believe these principles are universally true. It is believed that these principles are universally true. These principles are believed to be universally true. 不能用被动语态的场合 1. 所有的vi.及一些特殊的动词或短语。Vi.无被动。常见的不能用于被动语态的动词或短语如：break out, belong to, consist of, contain, fit, have(有), hold, lack, last, suit, like, prefer, succeed in, take part in, take place, wish等 2. 反身代词或相互代词作宾语。 动词后的宾语由反身代词或相互代词来充当时，不能变被动。 3. 动宾关系密切时。如lose heart, take place, keep silence, take a walk等。 get + 过去分词 可表示被动，常构成下列结构： get beaten; get broken, get caught, get hurt/wounded/injured, get drunk, get cheated, get killed等 主动形式，被动意义 及物动词用作不及物，形式上主动，而意义上表示被动。这类动词有：clean, cut, drive, dry, fill, lock, open, play, read, show, shut, translate, wash, wear, write等。 The shirt washes easily. The pen writes smoothly. —Oh, God! What did you do to my report, Tom? —Terribly sorry. My mind ____ and I will type it again for you. A. has wandered B. had wandered C. is wandering D. was wandering 2. ---Whats that noise？Is the water still running? ---Oh，my god！I ____ to turn it off after I brushed my teeth． A. was forgetting B. had forgotten C. forgot D. forget 3. China _____ over 300 Confucius Institutes in more than 90 countries and areas to teach Chinese and promote Chinese culture in the past five years. A. is establishing B. established C. has established D. had established 4. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _____ to． A．spoken B．speaking C．to