09英汉翻译 - 2英汉语言对比 - 上.ppt

Everything is good when new, but friends when old. 物莫如新，友莫如故。 Herb may be dying somewhere, calling out his mum and dad, and with only strangers round him. 赫伯也许在某个地方正在死去，正呼唤着他的妈妈和爸爸，只有陌生人在他周围。 赫伯这会儿也许在什么地方快要死了，嘴里喊着爹呀娘的，身边连个亲人都没有。 原文有主次之分的，译文为三个分句，层层推进，还添加了“嘴里”和“身边”，是分句的结构完整，意思清晰。 还运用了反译法：stranger——亲人 His daughter remarked注意到…, 看到, 察觉how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend divine worship. 他的女儿注意到他坐在一个不同于他往常做礼拜时常坐的位子上。 他往常做礼拜总是坐在固定的位子上，那天他女儿却发现他没有坐在老地方。 原文句子太长，受英文句法的约束，不符合中文的句式。该句是主从复合句，中文只需将主句和定语从句翻成两个中文分句即可，不过要注意时间的先后处理。按照中文的习惯，先发生的事情先讲，后发生的后讲，因此应该先译定语从句，再译主句，这和原文的次序刚好相反。 I had read too many novels and had learned too much at school not to know a good deal about love. 我读过太多的小说，并且在学校里也学得太多，以致于不会不知道许多关于爱情的事。 我读过许多小说，在学校里也学了不少东西，对于爱情这玩意儿自然懂得相当的多。 Too…(not) to词典一般解释为“太…以致（不）”。然而，词典只能从广义上解释意义，可以借鉴，但不能照搬。事实上，该结构单独译成一个句子再译以上便体现出它是前文的结果，这样句子的效果更好。 As the weather was fine, we decided to climb the mountain. 天气好，我们决定去爬山。 As Tom has failed to come due to his sudden illness, we have to ask you to take his place. 汤姆突然病了，没能来，我们只好请你顶他。 （比较：因为汤姆突然病了，所以他没能来，因而我们只好请你顶他。） My sister was expecting me , so I had to go now. 我妹妹在等我，我得走了。 We knew spring was coming as we had seen a robin（知更鸟）. 看见一只知更鸟，我们就知道春天快到了。 When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others. 说到个性，就是指那些人与人之间不同的行为方式，言谈举止和思想感情。 Even if the monk can run away, his temple cannot run with him. 跑得了和尚，跑不了庙。 Even if I were to be beaten to death, I will not tell. 打死我也不说。 Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 谦虚使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ We will not attack unless we are attacked. 人不犯我，我不犯人。 When a thing reaches its extreme, it will reverse its course. 物极必反。 Tips：英译汉时，有意识的把过多的连接词去掉 以上练习可以告诉我们： 尽管翻译困难重重，也很难说有固定的答案，但是要掌握两种语言各自的特点，翻译还是有一定的规律可循的。 形合与意合是最核心的特