English Rhetoric.docVIP

英语修辞 (English Rhetoric) 1. 生动形象的Simile（明喻）?2. 含而不露的Metaphor（隐喻）3. 无灵有灵的Personification（拟人） 4. 结构精巧的Transferred Epithet（移就）??. 蕴涵新意的Synecdoche（提喻） 6. 明抑暗扬的Understatement（低调陈述）7. 闪烁其词的Euphemism（委婉） 8. 强化语意的Hyperbole（夸张） 9. 含蓄典雅的Allusion（引喻）?10.相映相衬的Antithesis（对照） 11.排迭匀称的Parallelism（平行）12.发人深思的Paradox（隽语）13.矛盾统一的Oxymoron（矛盾修饰）14.妙趣横生的Anticlimax（突降）15.一唱三叹的Repetition（重复）16.音律优美的Alliteration（头韵）17.一语两意的Pun（双关） 18.冷嘲热讽的Irony（反语）?19.趣味盎然的Parody（仿拟）20.化腐为奇的Zeugma（轭式搭配）Figures of speech (修辞) are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create suggestive imagery, we are said to be speaking or writing figuratively. Now we are going to talk about some common forms of figures of speech. 1) Simile (明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country. 明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。例如： He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed into his wrinkled face.他往后一跳，好像被什么东西叮了一下似的，他那张布满皱纹的脸顿时涨得通红。 The fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. 支票跌落到地上，像一只断了翅膀的小鸟。 2) Metaphor (暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage. 暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。例如： What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? 如果没有这位电子保姆，父母该怎么办呢？ ... while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of p