2014 icm C题(已标注和部分翻译,便于阅读)2014 icm C题(已标注和部分翻译,便于阅读).doc

2014 ICM Problem Using Networks to Measure Influence and Impact One of the techniques to determine influence of academic research is to build and measure properties of citation or co-author networks. 衡量学术研究影响的方法，看引用和论文合作的网络。 Co-authoring a manuscript usually connotes a strong influential connection between researchers. 论文合作的含义 One of the most famous academic co-authors was the 20th-century mathematician Paul Erd?s who had over 500 co-authors and published over 1400 technical research papers. 举一个例子PAUL ERDOS It is ironic, or perhaps not, that Erd?s is also one of the influencers in building the foundation for the emerging interdisciplinary science of networks, particularly, through his publication with Alfred Rényi of the paper “On Random Graphs” in 1959. 可能ERDOS还是建立网络科学基础的人 Erd?s’s role as a collaborator was so significant in the field of mathematics that mathematicians often measure their closeness to Erd?s through analysis of Erd?s’s amazingly large and robust co-author network (see the website /enp/ ). 一个衡量论文合作的network The unusual and fascinating story of Paul Erd?s as a gifted mathematician, talented problem solver, and master collaborator is provided in many books and on-line websites (e.g., http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Erdos.html). Perhaps his itinerant lifestyle, frequently staying with or residing with his collaborators, and giving much of his money to students as prizes for solving problems, enabled his co-authorships to flourish and helped build his astounding network of influence in several areas of mathematics. 可能他的生活方式推动了他的合作网的发展。 In order to measure such influence as Erd?s produced, there are network-based evaluation tools that use co-author and citation data to determine impact factor of researchers, publications, and journals. Some of these are Science Citation Index, H-factor, Impact factor, Eigenfactor, etc. Google Scholar is also a good data tool to use for network influence or impact data collection and analysis.