铸件宏观凝固组织的控制.docx

北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院文献综述电磁场对铸件宏观凝固组织的控制学生姓名：_________________学 号：_________________专业班级：_________________批阅教师：_________________成 绩：_________________2013年5月电磁场对铸件宏观凝固组织的控制摘要： 随着电磁技术的发展，电磁场在控制金属凝固、改善合金组织及性能等方面将越来越重要，电磁场在材料加工方面的应用也越来越广，到目前为止，已经出现了很多种电磁加工方法。施加复合电磁场有如下几个优点：1)在内结晶器中施加行波搅拌磁场不但能够显著的改善铸坯的凝固组织，而且电磁搅拌力引起的金属熔体强制流动能够提高管坯的内表面以及皮下质量，解决管坯内表面不易进行铣面处理的困难。2)在外结晶器侧放置中频约束线圈能够消除管坯内外表面的偏析瘤以及波痕等缺陷。3)空心管坯电磁连铸凝固过程的数值模拟结果表明：单独在管坯外结晶器侧放置中频约束线圈或者单独在管坯内结晶器中放置行波搅拌磁场都容易造成凝固坯壳厚度不均匀，产生裂纹缺陷。通过在管坯内外结晶器中施加合适的复合电磁场能够改善凝固坯壳厚度不均匀的状况，消除裂纹缺陷，而且电磁搅拌加速散热能够减小液穴深度，可以提高生产效率。关键词：电磁制动；电磁搅拌；电磁超声波；电磁热处理；流体流动；凝固组织Abstract：With the development of electromagnetic technique，electromagnetic field plays an important role in the control of metal solidification， the betterment of structure and performance．Since now，many kinds of electromagnetic methods have been used to material processing．The following merits can be acquired by the multi-electromagnetic fields：1)The stirring magnetic field can not only improve the solidification structure of the large·diameter hollow billet but also eliminate the inclusion and blow hole flaws and improve the inner-surface quality of the hollow billet to avoid the milling of the inner·surface．2)The middle frequency magnetic field can restrain the segregation bud and ripple mark of inner and outer surface of hollow billet．3)The temperature field numerical simulation of electromagnetic continuous casting of the hollow billet shows that：Both the only medium frequency coil and the only stirring magnetic field arc easy to create the crack flaw because of the non．homogeneous of the solidification shell．The imposed multi-electromagnetic fields can not only improve the homogeneous of solidification shell to restrain the crack flaw but also speed-up the heat dissipation to decrease the melt pool and improve the production efficiency．Key words： electromagnetic brake；electromagnetic stirring； electromagnetic ultrasonic waves； heat treatment under electromagnetic field；fluid flow；so1