谈谈上海高考英语阅读理解词义猜测.doc.docVIP

浅议上海高考英语阅读理解的词义猜测题 交大附中浦东实验高中 刘张生 通过上下文猜测词义是阅读理解的一项基本技能,同时也是高考阅读理解的一个重要检测内容. 纵观近几年的上海高考阅读理解,我们不难发现: 词义猜测几乎成为每年的必考题.为了便于考生考前复习,笔者根据多年的教学体会,对该部分的考点以及解答总结和分析如下,供复习时参考. 一. 词义猜测题的考查方式: 大体上说,上海高考对词义猜测的考查方式大体包括以下三种形式: 对单个词词义的猜测考查;对短语或词组的猜测考查;以及对句子的意义猜测考查等三个层面. 二. 高考阅读理解词义猜测题的设问方式: 词义猜测大多以下面几种方式设问. 1. The phrase “…”in the sentence can be replaced by ____. 2. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…”? 3. The underlined word “…”probably means____. 4. The word “…”used in paragraph “…”refers to ____. 5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”? 6. What do you think of the expression “…”stands for? 7. By saying “…”, the author means _____. 8. The meaning of word “…”in the passage is related to_____. 三. 近几年上海高考词义猜测题的考查分析. 例 1: (2013上海) 66. According to para. 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who ________________. A. dislikes listening to speeches; B. can hear anything nonmusical; C. has a hearing problem; D. lacks a complex hearing system. (分析) 解答该题的关键语境如下: ……The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds as well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. 从考题提供的语境不难看出: 该题大体上属于通过上下句的语境关系的线索即可以判断出所要考查的猜测词义. also…..no problems是通过排比关系所提供的关键线索. 同时,如果考生平时的词汇学习训练有素, 通过构词也可以大体做出正确猜测. defect, n. 缺点,毛病; 瑕疵; defective, adj. (defective, means imperfect or incomplete.) 该题答案为:C. 例 2: (2012 上海) 66. What does the word epic in Paragraph l most probably mean ? A. Very slow but exciting. B. Very long and difficult. C. Very smooth but tiring. D. Very lonely and depressing. (分析) 该题的解题语境是: Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ￡70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. Whites second reason for making the trip was to break the world