阅读理解专题之一细节理解1.docVIP

阅读理解专题之一 细节理解题 ※考点提示： 细节题主要考查考生对文章（或某一段落）中某一特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力，通常包括直接细节理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案。常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问或用与此相类似的词填空。说明文和叙述文的思考题有相当于部分是此类题）及细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，依靠主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系进行加工或整理后方能得出结论，此类试题在高考试题中占大多数。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。 解题方略： 1、常见命题方式有： 常用who, what, when, where, why和how等特殊疑问词提问。 a When/Where did the story happen? b Which of the following statements is (not) correct? c Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage? d Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? e All the statements are true except. 是非题。三正一误(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或三误一正(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)： a Which of the following is true except…? b Which of the following is mentioned except… c Which of the following is true／false？ 排列顺序 说明因果关系 看图判断 计算题等。 2、选项的特点： 1）正确选项的特点：正确选项一般都会在原文的基础上进行改写。常用方法就是同义词替换或释义，即把文中的语言（词汇或结构）改头换面，来表达相同的意思。 2）干扰项的特点：是原文的信息，但不是题目要求的内容；符合常识，但不是文章内容；与原句的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动；在意思上与原文大相径庭，甚至完全相反；部分正确，部分错误。 3、做细节题时要将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处（即定位），待找到含细节句子时，就要放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。 细节专题一：排序题 此类试题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实，然后对上面的事实进行排序。要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。考生可以先找出最早的一个时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案。 例1：In the 19th century England people liked to go to the seaside. In those days, ladies wore long bathing dresses, and men wore bathing suits. Women did not walk about on the beach(沙滩)in their bathing dresses. They hired a bathing machine. A bathing machine was used for changing in, and for taking the bather down to the sea. It cost 2 pence(便士) to hire a machine and an attendant(侍者). When she had paid, the bather climbed up the back steps and got into the bathing machine . Then she changed into her bathing dress. When she had changed, the machine was pulled down to the sea. The bathing machine stoped in the water and the bather went down the front steps into the?? water. If she did not want to get into the sea, the attendant pulled her in.（199